Identification of a new genotype of canine distemper virus circulating in America |
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Authors: | César Gámiz Vito Martella Raúl Ulloa Raúl Fajardo Israel Quijano-Hernandéz Simón Martínez |
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Institution: | 1.Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados en Salud Animal, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia,Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México,Toluca,México;2.Dipartimento di Sanità Pubblica e Zootecnia, Facoltá di Medicina Veterinaria,Università degli Studi di Bari,Valenzano,Italy;3.Departamento de Genética y Bioestadística, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia,Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México,Ciudad Universitaria,México;4.Hospital veterinario para peque?as especies. Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia,Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México,Toluca,México |
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Abstract: | Canine Distemper is a highly contagious viral systemic disease that affects a wide variety of terrestrial carnivores. Canine
Distemper virus (CDV) appears genetically heterogeneous, markedly in the hemagglutinin protein (H), showing geographic patterns
of diversification that are useful to monitor CDV molecular epidemiology. In Mexico the activity of canine distemper remains
high in dogs, likely because vaccine prophylaxis coverage in canine population is under the levels required to control effectively
the disease. By phylogenetic analysis based on the nucleoprotein (N) and on the H genes, Mexican CDV strains collected between
2007 and 2010 were distinguished into several genovariants, all which constituted a unique group, clearly distinct from field
and vaccine strains circulating worldwide, but resembling a CDV strain, 19876, identified in Missouri, USA, 2004, that was
genetically unrelated to other North-American CDV strains. Gathering information on the genetic heterogeneity of CDV on a
global scale appears pivotal in order to investigate the origin and modalities of introduction of unusual/novel CDV strains,
as well as to understand if vaccine breakthroughs or disease epidemics may be somewhat related to genetic/antigenic or biological
differences between field and vaccine strains. |
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