吸毒人员舌、脉象分布特征与中医证素的关联分析

目的 研究吸毒人员舌、脉象的分布情况及其与中医证素的关联。方法 采集福州市公安戒毒所吸毒人员187例，其中海洛因53例，甲基苯丙胺128例，其他毒品6例。吸毒人员符合国际疾病分类（ICD-10）阿片类药物依赖诊断标准和苯丙胺类药物依赖诊断标准。结果 吸毒人员最常见舌脉为：舌淡紫苔薄黄，脉沉弦滑；舌淡紫与证素肝、肾相关（P<0.05），苔薄黄与证素血虚相关（P<0.05），脉弦与证素脾、湿和气虚相关（P<0.05），脉沉与证素痰和气滞相关（P<0.05），脉滑与证素肾、脾及湿、热、血瘀相关（P<0.05）。结论 1、吸毒人员最常见舌脉为：舌淡紫苔薄黄，脉沉弦滑，病位证素以肝、脾、肾为主，而病性证素以气虚、阳虚、气滞、血虚、阴虚、痰、湿为主；2、海洛因成瘾者与冰毒成瘾者舌象分布均为舌淡紫苔薄黄，而脉象分布，海洛因成瘾者以脉弦为主，冰毒成瘾者以脉沉为主。

Analyze the Tongue and Pulse Distribution Characteristics of Drug Addicts and its Correlation with TCM Syndromes

Objective To study on the distribution of drug addicts of tongue and pulse and its relation with TCM syndromes. Methods The 187 cases of drug addicts from Fuzhou City Public Security Drug Rehabilitation Center, including 53 cases of heroin, 128 cases of methamphetamine, and 6 cases of other drug. Drug addicts conform to the international classification of diseases (ICD-10) opioid dependence diagnostic criteria and diagnostic criteria of amphetamine dependence. Results The most common tongue pulse condition of drug addicts was pale tongue with purple moss and thin yellow, pulse string slide. The purple tongue was related with the syndrome of liver and kidney (P<0.05); the thin and yellowish fur were relsted with blood deficiency(P<0.05); the pulse string was related with syndrome elements of spleen, dampness and Qi deficiency (P<0.05); the sunken pulse was related with the syndrome of phlegm and Qi stagnation (P<0.05); the slippery pulse was correlated with syndrome elements of kidney, spleen and dampness, heat and blood stasis (P<0.05). Conclusion 1. The most common tongue pulse condition of drug addicts is pale tongue with purple moss and thin yellow, pulse string slide. The liver, spleen and kidney are the main syndrome factors of disease location, while Qi deficiency and Yang deficiency, Qi stagnation, blood deficiency, Yin deficiency, phlegm and dampness are the main syndrome factors of diseases nature. 2. The tongue distributions of heroin and methamphetamine addicts are purple tongue with moss thin yellow, while the pulse distribution of heroin addicts is mainly with pulse string, the distribution of methamphetamine addicts is mainly with sunken pulse.