大山包黑颈鹤国家级自然保护区的植物生态生活型研究

依据位于云南省昭通市朝阳区西北部的大山包黑颈鹤国家级自然保护区的358种植物标本记录,按植物的生态生活型,将这些植物归为水生、湿生、陆生植物三大类,分为28类生态生活型。其中,水生植物28种,占全部植物种类的7.82%,湿生植物239种,占66.76%,陆生植物91种,占25.14%。对区内各植物生态生活型的研究结果如下:①区内的生态系统相对齐全;②区内首次发现以沉水植物水毛茛、岛田水筛及尖叶眼子菜为优势种的沉水植物群落;③丰富的湿生多年生草本植物(157种)是区内的主要植物资源;④残留在多石山坡和人工林下的陆生灌木矮高山栎见证了矮高山栎灌丛曾是本区山丘重要原生植被类型之一,而陆生多年生灌木状竹类海竹所形成的海竹灌丛亦为本区以及滇东北亚高山地带的特有原生植被类型。

Eco-life Form of Plants from Dashanbao Black-necked Crane National Nature Reserve

Dashanbao Black-necked Crane National Nature Reserve is one of the international key wetlands located at northwest part of Zhaoyang district in Zhaotong city of Yunnan province,in which 358 species of vascular plants are recorded at present.In accordance with the eco-life form,28 species belong to aquatic plants,which accounts for 7.82 % of the total taxa;239 hydrophytes namely 66.76 % in total plants;91 terrestrial species,accounts for 25.14 % of the total species.Based on this study,four viewpoints were concluded as follows: ①The types of eco-system in Dashanbao nature reserve was relatively complete;②Within the scope of northeastern Yunnan,the submerged plant communities of Batrachiium bungei,Blyxa echnisperma and Potamogeton oxyphyllus were firstly reported in Dashanbao;③The rich and diverse hydrophyte perennial herbs(157 species) were the main plant resource in Dashanbao nature reserve;④On the basis of the relic terrestrial evergreen shrub Quercus monimotricha and the shrubby bamboo Yushania qiaojiaensis,it is clear that subalpine shrub formation Quercus monimotricha and subalpine shrubby bamboo formation Yushania qiaojiaensis are original natural vegetation in Dashanbao natural reserve area.