湛江市区土地景观格局动态变化分析

利用遥感影像和地理信息系统技术,分析了湛江市区1991年、2000年和2007年3个时期土地景观格局的总体变化情况,结果表明,湛江市区具有景观破碎化程度先提高后降低,景观结构组成复杂化趋势先快后慢,城市发展影响了景观格局变化等特点。在类型水平上选择了景观类型面积(CA)、斑块数目(NP)、类型百分比(PLAND)、斑块密度(PD)、平均斑块面积(AREA-MN)共5个景观指数;在景观水平上选择了景观类型总面积(TA)、斑块数目、斑块密度、最大斑块指数(LPI)、平均斑块面积(AREA-MN)、香农多样性指数(即SHDI,为各斑块类别丰富度总和的负值)共6个景观指数。这些景观指数表明:近20 a来,湛江市区土地景观格局变化幅度大,人类活动对城市景观要素和整个景观格局的影响很深远。并进一步讨论该区景观格局动态变化的驱动力,提出了相应的对策。

The analysis of landscape pattern dynamic change in Zhanjiang City

In this paper,the author analyzed the overall changes of the land use and landscape patterns in Zhanjiang City in three years of 1991,2000 and 2007 respectively based on RS images and GIS technology.Firstly,the landscape fragmentation degree increased before and decreases now.Secondly,landscape structure components were complicated before and are smooth now.Thirdly,the changes of landscape pattern impacted by urban development,and so on.Some landscape indexes are selected to calculate and analyze,including 5 class metrics such as Area(CA),Number of Patches(NP),Percentage of Landscape(PLAND),Patch Density(PD) and Patch Area Mean(AREA-MN),and 6 landscape metrics such as Total Area(TA),Number of Patches(NP),Patch Density(PD),Largest Patch Index(LPI),Patch Area Mean(AREA-MN) and Shannon's Diversity Index(SHID,the minus of sum of all patch category richness).Through calculating these landscape indexes,we can find that the changing extent of landscape patterns in Zhanjiang City is great.We'll further discuss and reveal the driving forces of dynamic changes of landscape ecology patterns in Zhanjiang City and provide some countermeasures.