棉花钾营养与钾肥施用的研究进展

综述了近50年来我国棉花主产区钾肥的增产作用及其变化趋势、增产效应及施钾技术，阐述了钾对棉花的营养作用、抗性及品质方面的影响。钾肥对棉花的增产效应因不同的植棉区和不同的年代而不同。近年来，随着化学钾肥的推广与施用量的增加，某些棉区钾对棉花的增产作用在逐渐降低。因此，化学钾肥施用的必要性、施用期及施用量原则上应根据土壤钾素丰缺状况及棉花的需肥规律而定。

Advances in Research Potassium Nutrient and Appliment of Cotton

Advances in Research Potassium Nutrient and Appliment of CottonXIA Ying1) JIANG Cun-cang1) CHEN Fang2) LU Jian-wei1) LI Xiao-kun1) Hao Yan-shu1) ( 1) College of Resources and Environmental Sciences , Huazhong Agricultural University , Wuhan 430070 , China; 2) Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China)Abstract The article reviewed the effect of potassium fertilizer on yield and the chang trends, technique of applying fertilizer in main cotton production regions in China in recent 50 years, elaborated the effect of potassium on the nutrient function, resistance and quality.The effect of potassium fertilizer was difference in different periods and regions.In recent years, as the promotion of potassium fertilizer and increase the applied amount, the effect of potassium on increasing yield in cotton was decrease gradually in some cotton production regions. So, the necessity of potassium fertilizer, applied time and applied amount should depend on the potassium condition in soil and the rule of requirement of fertilization.