不同灭菌方法对实验动物配合颗粒饲料营养成分的影响

探讨不同的灭菌条件,对实验动物配合颗粒饲料(鼠料)中营养成分的影响。采用不同时间的高压蒸汽(121℃、0.14 MPa)(蒸汽灭菌)和不同剂量的60 Co-γ射线照射(照射灭菌)对鼠料灭菌,依据国标做细菌培养,观察灭菌条件及效果,并对鼠料进行营养成分的测定。结果表明,20 min蒸汽灭菌和20.0 kGy剂量60 Co-γ射线照射时细菌培养为阴性;蒸汽灭菌比照射灭菌更容易造成营养成分的破坏,两种方法差异显著(P<0.05),且不同时间下水分、粗蛋白、粗脂肪、赖氨酸、蛋氨酸、胱氨酸、苏氨酸、异亮氨酸及维生素的损失都有显著差异(P<0.05),矿物质除铁外损失无显著差异(P>0.05);不同剂量照射下,各种营养成分的损失差异不显著(P>0.05)。鼠料消毒灭菌的适宜条件为20 min蒸汽灭菌或20.0 kGy照射灭菌;蒸汽灭菌对鼠料的营养成分影响较大,而照射灭菌则影响较小。

Effects of different sterilization methods on the nutrients of granular experimental animal feedstuff

The aim is to discuss the effects of different sterilization methods on the nutrients of granular rat feedstuff.Rat feedstuff was sterilized by pressured steam-heat(121 ℃,0.14 MPa) with different time and 60 Co-γ ray at different doses,bacteria were cultured by national criterions to observe the effect of the sterilization methods and the nutritional contents of the rat feedstuff.The results of bacterial cultivation after 20 min steam-heat and 20.0 kGy-60 Co-γ-ray were negative,and the loss of nutrients by steam-heat was bigger than that by radiation,and with different time,the loss of moisture,crude protein,crude fat,certain kinds of amino acids and vitamins were significantly distinctive(P<0.05),but the loss of minerals and the loss of nutrients by different doses of rays were not distinctive(P>0.05).The optimal condition to be sterilized for rat feedstuff was 20 min-steam-heat or 20.0 kGy radiation,and the loss of nutrients by steam-heat was bigger than that by radiation.