新疆灰霉病菌多态性及其致病力分化分析

灰霉病菌(Botrytis cinerea)是引起植物病害的重要病原。本研究将来自新疆3个主要生态区域的12个灰霉病菌菌株, 经人工接种于7个寄主的离体叶片上测定病原菌的致病性, 并采用RAPD技术分析了12个菌株的遗传多态性。研究结果表明, 12个灰霉菌株的致病力存在明显差异, 可分为强、中、弱3种致病型, 其中来自和田的黄瓜灰霉菌和伊犁特克斯的番茄灰霉菌致病力最强; 阿克苏番茄灰霉菌的致病力最弱。根据在不同寄主上的致病反应, 12个菌株被划分为4个菌群。RAPD分析结果表明, 在0.65阈值下, 12个灰霉菌株可分为4个菌群, 说明供试灰霉菌株间有高度的遗传分化。灰霉病菌致病力强弱与菌株寄主、地理位置均无直接相关性, 但灰霉菌株的遗传距离与菌株来源存在明显相关性。

Polymorphism analysis of Botrytis cinerea and its pathogenicity differentiation in Xinjiang

Botrytis cinerea is a pathogen for a variety of economically important plants grown in and out of glass greenhouses. 12 isolates ofB. cinerea obtained from different hosts in three ecological regions of Xinjiang were artificially inoculated in in-vitro fresh leaves of 7 hosts. The respective pathogenicities of the pathogens were then confirmed by lesion size. Using RAPD method, a genetic diversity of 12 isolates was also analyzed. The results show significant difference in pathogenicity among the 12 isolates. The pathogenicity types of the isolates are divided into strong, medium and weak. With a particular reference to Hetian cucumber grey mold and Yili Tekesi tomato grey mold, pathogenicities of two isolates are strongest. The isolates which cause Akesu tomato grey mold has the weakest pathogenicity. 12 isolates are divided into 4 groups based on cluster analysis of lesion size in inoculated leaves of different hosts. Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis shows that band patterns of the isolates are genetically different. 12 isolates are divided into 4 groups at a threshold of 0.65. Although no correlation exists among the pathogenicities, sampling sites and sample hosts, some form of correlation is, however, noted between the sampling site and genetic distance.