Depth-specific distribution and importance of nitrite-dependent anaerobic ammonium and methane-oxidising bacteria in an urban wetland |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Environmental Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China;2. State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Microorganism Application and Risk Control (SMARC), Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China;1. Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Agricultural Meteorology, College of Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China;2. Department of Agricultural Resource and Environment, College of Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, China;1. Laboratory of Eco-Environmental Engineering Research of Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China;2. Key Laboratory of Arable Land Conservation (Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtze River), Ministry of Agriculture, Wuhan, 430070, China;3. Australian Rivers Institute, Griffith University, Nathan, QLD, 4111, Australia;4. State Key Laboratory of Simulation and Regulation of Water Cycle in River Basin, Beijing, 10038, China;5. Department of Water Environment, China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research, Beijing, 10038, China;1. CAS Key Laboratory for Urban Pollutant Conversion, Department of Chemistry, University of Science & Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, People''s Republic of China;2. Advanced Laboratory for Environmental Research and Technology, USTC-CityU, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, People''s Republic of China;3. Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, People''s Republic of China;4. Department of Food Technology, School of Agricultural Technology and Food Technology and Nutrition, Alexander Technological Educational Institute of Thessaloniki, GR-57400, Thessaloniki, Greece |
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| Abstract: | Anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) and nitrite-dependent anaerobic methane oxidation (n-damo) are two recently discovered processes in the nitrogen cycle that are catalysed by anammox bacteria and n-damo bacteria, respectively. Here, the depth-specific distribution and importance of anammox bacteria and n-damo bacteria were studied in an urban wetland, Xixi Wetland, Zhejiang Province (China). Anammox bacteria related to Candidatus Brocadia, Candidatus Kuenenia and Candidatus Anammoxoglobus, and n-damo bacteria related to “Candidatus Methylomirabilis oxyfera” were present in the collected soil samples. The abundance of anammox bacteria (2.6–8.6 × 106 copies g−1 dry soil) in the shallow soils (0–10 cm and 20–30 cm) was higher than that (2.5–9.8 × 105 copies g−1 dry soil) in the deep soils, whereas the abundance of n-damo bacteria (0.6–1.3 × 107 copies g−1 dry soil) in the deep soils (50–60 cm and 90–100 cm) was higher than that (3.4–4.5 × 106 copies g−1 dry soil) in the shallow soils. Anammox activity was detected at all depths, and higher potential rates (12.1–21.4 nmol N2 g−1 dry soil d−1) were observed at depths of 0–10 cm and 20–30 cm compared with the rates (3.5–8.7 nmol N2 g−1 dry soil d−1) measured at depths of 50–60 and 90–100 cm. In contrast, n-damo was mainly occurred at depths of 50–60 cm and 90–100 cm with potential rates of 0.7–5.0 nmol CO2 g−1 dry soil d−1. This study suggested the niche segregation of the anammox bacteria and n-damo bacteria in wetland soils, with anammox bacteria being active primarily in deep soils and n-damo bacteria being active primarily in shallow soils. |
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| Keywords: | Anammox n-damo Vertical distribution Niche segregation Importance Wetlands |
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