不同种植年限苹果园土壤磷状况和无机磷组分特征

通过采集胶东地区不同年限苹果园0—100 cm土层土壤,分析了不同种植年限苹果园土壤全磷、有效磷、无机磷含量和无机磷组分特征,以期为苹果园科学施用磷肥提供依据。结果表明:胶东地区苹果园0—40 cm土层土壤全磷、无机磷、有效磷平均含量为0.76 g/kg,681.10 mg/kg,73.05 mg/kg。种植年限显著影响了苹果园土壤磷含量,随着种植年限的增加耕层土壤全磷、有效磷和无机磷含量呈上升趋势。不同种植年限的苹果园土壤全磷、有效磷及各无机磷组分均随着土层的加深整体呈递减趋势。无机磷组分主要以Al-P、O-P的形式存在,其次为Fe-P、Ca-P。种植年限明显影响了无机磷各组分的组成,11～15年苹果园Al-P比例最高,而16～20年苹果园O-P比例最高。相关性分析及通径分析结果表明,Al-P是该地区相对较为有效的磷源。

Phosphorus Status and Inorganic Phosphorus Fractions in Apple Orchards Soil with Different Planting Years

In order to provide scientific basis for phosphorus fertilizer application in apple orchard in Jiaodong region, total phosphorus, available phosphorus, inorganic phosphorus and inorganic phosphorus fractions in 0-100 cm layer soil of apple orchards with different planting years were analyzed. The average contents of total phosphorus, inorganic phosphorus, and available phosphorus in the 0-40 cm soil layer were 0.76 g/kg, 681.10 mg/kg, 73.05 mg/kg respectively. The planting years had a significant effect on the soil phosphorus contents. The total soil phosphorus, available phosphorus and inorganic phosphorus fractions decreased with the deepening of soil layer. The inorganic phosphorus mainly existed in the form of Al-P and O-P, followed by Fe-P and Ca-P. The planting years significantly affected the composition of inorganic phosphorus fractions, and the proportion of Al-P was the highest in 11~15 years apple orchards, while the proportion of O-P was the highest in 16~20 years apple orchards. The results of correlation analysis and path analysis showed that Al-P was a relatively effective source of phosphorus in this region.