不同水肥处理对有机基质型砂培番茄产量和品质的影响

以番茄(金鹏一号)为试材,采用简易有机基质槽培,研究不同灌水量和施肥水平对番茄产量和品质的影响。设置3个水分处理,分别是高水(95±5)%(H1)、中水(80±5)%(H2)、低水(65±5)%(H3);4个施肥处理分别是只用有机基质栽培,不追施无机化肥(T1);追施化肥,尿素1 084.665 kg/hm2,硫酸钾483.06kg/hm2(T2);尿素1 812.825 kg/hm2,硫酸钾1 115.775 kg/hm2(T3);尿素2 540.835 kg/hm2,硫酸钾1 748.505 kg/hm2(T4);采用完全随机组合,共12个处理。结果表明,在基质相对含水量相同时,番茄不同施肥处理中可溶性糖、可溶性蛋白及产量均以T3为最高,Vc及可溶性固形物则以T4为最高;在相同肥力情况下,番茄不同水分处理中H1的产量远远高于其他两个水分处理,但是品质却随着含水量的降低而呈现显著增高的趋势,以H3最好;综合考虑水分和肥料双因素对产量和品质影响,处理H2T3为最佳处理,其次为处理H2T4,也可以提高番茄的产量和品质。

Effects of Different Water and Fertilizers Treatment on Yield and Quality of Tomato Grown in Organic Sandy Substrate

A tomato cultivar(Jinpeng No.1)was used to study the organic cultivation patterns of different fertilizers and water management.The research studied the effects of different fertilizers and water managements on yield and quality of tomato.(95±5)%,(80±5)% and(65±5)%,were designed in the experiment.There were four fertilizer treatments in this study:Tl,supplied with organic substrates only and without inorganic fertilizer;T2,the fertilization amount:CO(NH2)2 1 084.665 kg/hm2,K2SO4 483.06 kg/hm2;T3,CO(NH2)2 1 812.825 kg/hm2,K2SO4 1 115.775 kg/hm2;T4,CO(NH2)2 2 540.835 kg/hm2,K2SO4 1 748.505 kg/hm2.The results showed that,under different fertilizer treatments,the soluble sugar,soluble protein and yield of tomato in treatment T3 was the highest in the same substrate relative water content.At the same time,Vc and soluble matter in treatment T4 was the highest.With the different water treatments under the same fertility conditions,the yield of tomato with the treatment H1 was higher than other water treatments while the quality appeared contrary trend.When tomato would be planted in organic substrate,from the view of yields and fruit quality,H2T3 could be taken as a quantitative index for water and fertilizer management of tomato.In addition,considered the higher fruit quality,H2T4 also can be an index for water and fertilizer management of tomato grown in organic substrate.