广东雷州杂草稻sh4和qSH1基因的功能SNP位点序列分析

sh4和qSH1基因是水稻的主效落粒基因,本研究旨在测定雷州杂草稻的sh4和qSH1的基因型,为雷州杂草稻的落粒机制研究提供分子基础。本研究从雷州10个杂草稻群体采集了100个单株及10份栽培稻种子,观测其颖壳颜色、果皮颜色和芒及落粒率,并对sh4和qSH1的功能SNP位点进行PCR扩增及序列分析。结果表明,57份杂草稻的sh4功能SNP位点为野生落粒型（G）,15份为杂合型G/T,28份为突变难落粒型（T）。其中,G型和G/T型的72份杂草稻的落粒率都极高（95%~100%）,而28份T型杂草稻中,19份为中度落粒（30%~75%）,5份杂草稻的落粒率很高（>95%）,4份杂草稻的落粒率小于30%。100份杂草稻和10份栽培稻的qSH1功能SNP位点均为G。结合落粒表型及基因型,推测sh4是调控雷州杂草稻落粒性的一个主要基因。

Sequence Analysis of SNP Loci Associated with Seed Shattering at sh4 and qSH1 Genes of Weedy Rice in Leizhou,Guangdong Province

sh4 and qSH1 are the main seed shattering genes in rice.The purpose of this study is to determine the genotypes of sh4 and qSH1 of weedy rice in Leizhou and provides molecular basis for the study of seed shattering mechanism of weedy rice in Leizhou.In this study,100 individual plants and 10 cultivated rice seeds were collected from 10 weedy rice population in Leizhou,and their hull color,pericarp color,awn and seed shattering rate were observed.The SNP loci of sh4 and qSH1 were amplified by PCR and sequenced.The results showed that the SNP locus at sh4 in 57 weedy rice were wild seed shattering genotype(G),15 weedy rice were heterozygous G/T and 28 weedy rice were mutant hard seed shattering genotype(T).Among them,72 weedy rice of G genotype and G/T genotype had high seed shattering rate(95%–100%),19 of 28 weedy rice of T genotype were moderate seed shattering rate(30%–75%),5 weedy rice had high seed-shattering rate(>95%)and 4 weedy rice had low seed shattering rate(<30%).The SNP locus at qSH1 in 100 weedy rice and 10 cultivated rice were G.Combining with the seed shattering phenotype and genotype,it is inferred that sh4 is one of the main genes regulating the seed shattering of weedy rice in Leizhou.