橡胶树种质资源的倍性鉴定

倍性鉴定是橡胶树种质资源鉴定评价的基础工作之一。本研究利用流式细胞仪对国家橡胶树种质资源圃内的橡胶树种质资源进行全面的倍性鉴定,对嵌合体的四倍体细胞比例进行分析,并比较不同倍性的气孔性状差异。从5177份野生种质中发现三倍体11份,四倍体1份。从552份魏克汉种质中发现,三倍体9份,四倍体2份,嵌合体14份。14份嵌合体的四倍体细胞比例在49.06%~78.26%之间。不同倍性间的气孔长度、宽度和密度差异均极显著,气孔长度和宽度的排序为四倍体>三倍体>嵌合体,气孔密度的排序相反。研究结果对利用四倍体种质资源开展橡胶树倍性间杂交育种具有重要应用价值。

Ploidy Identification of Germplasm Resources in Hevea brasiliensis (Willd. ex A. Juss.) Müll. Arg.

Ploidy of rubber tree germplasm in the Rubber Tree Germplasm Repository and the ratio of tetraploid cells in chimeras were analyzed by flow cytometry, and the stomatal traits of different ploidy were analyzed. Eleven triploids and one tetraploid were found from 5177 1981’IRRDB germplasms, nine triploids and two tetraploid and fourteen chimeras were found from 552 Wickham germplasms. The ratio of tetraploid cells in fourteen chimeras ranged from 49.06% to 78.26%. The difference of stomatal length, stomatal width, and stomatal density between different ploidy was significant (P<0.01), the rank of stomatal length and stomatal width was tetraploid>triploid>chimeras, while the stomatal density was reversed. This study was valuable for the use of tetraploid germplasm resources for cross breeding between the ploidy of rubber trees.