不同(S)-(-)-小蠹烯醇载体诱芯对橡胶小蠹虫的诱捕效果

为了研发基于(S)-(-)-小蠹烯醇诱捕橡胶小蠹虫的安全高效诱捕技术,系统开展了不同(S)-(-)-小蠹烯醇诱芯对橡胶小蠹虫的诱捕效果试验。结果表明,自制的(S)-(-)-小蠹烯醇海绵诱芯和无纺布型诱芯对橡胶小蠹虫的诱捕效果最好,整个试验周期内平均单日单个诱芯诱捕器诱捕虫数分别为69.16头和66.22头,田间诱捕效果先逐渐增加,30 d时达到高峰,而后又逐渐下降,60 d后显著下降,1~60 d的平均单日单个诱芯诱捕器诱捕虫数分别为75.22~120.45头和70.69~112.22头。储藏瓶型诱芯对橡胶小蠹虫也具有良好的诱捕效果,平均单日单个诱芯诱捕器诱捕虫数为24.85头,田间诱捕效果先逐渐增加,至10 d时达到高峰,而后又逐渐下降,至30 d后显著下降,1~30 d的平均单日单个诱芯诱捕器诱捕虫数为48.53~64.66头。上述3种诱芯对严重危害橡胶树的对粒材小蠹和循胸材小蠹的诱捕效果尤为显著,对粒材小蠹和循胸材小蠹的诱捕数量占诱捕害虫总数的百分比分别为48.36%和47.89%、46.89%和40.48%、40.45%和40.24%。1~90 d的淀粉颗粒状缓释型诱芯和环糊精糊状缓释型诱芯对橡胶小蠹虫的诱捕效果无显著性变化,平均单日单个诱芯诱捕器诱捕虫数均在10头以下,诱捕效果差。上述结果表明,自制的(S)-(-)-小蠹烯醇海绵诱芯、无纺布型诱芯和储藏瓶型诱芯均可广泛用于有效绿色监控橡胶小蠹虫,海绵诱芯、无纺布型诱芯的田间有效期为60 d,储藏瓶型诱芯的田间有效期为30 d。

Trapping Effects of Different (S)-(-)-ipsenol Carrier Lures on Rubber Bark Beetles

To effectively develop a safe and efficient technique by using (S)-(-)-ipsenol lures in trapping rubber bark beetles, the effects of different (S)-(-)-ipsenol carrier lures were systematically studied. The results indicated that the self-made sponge lure and non-woven lure had the best trapping effects on rubber bark beetles, the average number of trapped adults was 69.16 and 66.22 in a single trap per day, respectively. Besides, the trapping effects gradually increased first and reached the peak on the 30th day, then gradually decreased to a significant level after 60 days, and the average number of trapped adults was 75.22-120.45 and 70.69-112.22 per day during 60 days. The tank lure also had a good trapping effects on rubber bark beetles, the average number of trapped adults was 24.85 per day, and the trapping effects gradually increased first and reached the peak on the 10th day, then gradually decreased to a significant level after 30 days, the average number of trapped adults was 48.53-64.66 per day during 30 days. The above three lures had particularly significant trapping effects on Xyleborus perforans and X. aquilus, which seriously damaged rubber trees, the percentage of the number of X. perforans and X. aquilus to the total trapped beetles was 48.36% and 47.89%, 46.89% and 40.48%, and 40.45% and 40.24%, respectively. The trapping effects of starch granular slow-release lure and cyclodextrin slow-release lure show insignificant difference, the average trapped adults per day were all below 10. The results above illustrated that the self-made sponge lure, non-woven lure and ampoule-type lure of (S)-(-)-ipsenol could be widely used for the effective green monitoring and control of rubber beetles, moreover, the field validity period of the three lures was 60 d, 60 d and 30 d, respectively.