不同小麦品种(系)抗倒伏性状多样性分析

为了综合评价不同小麦材料的不同生育时期抗倒性，明确影响小麦倒伏的关键因素，以147份我国育成的主推小麦品种及新育成的小麦品种（系）为研究对象，在开花期、灌浆期和乳熟期测定其10个倒伏性相关性状，并利用主成分分析和聚类分析法对这些小麦材料抗倒性进行综合评价。结果表明，10个抗倒伏相关性状在不同基因型间、气候因素间及生育时期间均存在显著的变异；在不同生育时期，性状间的相关性基本一致，均表现为基部茎节壁厚度、实心度、茎秆强度对小麦的抗倒伏性具有一定的积极作用，株高、重心高度、基部茎节长度、髓腔直径具有一定的消极作用。主成分分析显示，茎秆强度是影响植株抗倒性的最关键性状。基于三个生育时期主成分的综合因子得分的聚类分析显示，有70份材料的综合抗倒性优良，其中部分新育成小麦材料抗倒性表现优异，可作为小麦强秆抗倒改良育种资源使用。

Diversity of Lodging Resistance Traits of Different Wheat Varieties(Lines)

In order to comprehensively evaluate the lodging resistance characteristics of different wheat varieties(lines) at different growth stages,and to clarify the key factors affecting wheat lodging resistance,so as to provide theoretical support for the selection of lodging resistance breeding direction and parents of wheat,147 conventional main wheat varieties and newly bred wheat varieties(lines) were used to evaluate 10 lodging-associated traits at flowering stage,filling stage and milk maturity stage of wheat in this study. A wide range of genetic variation was observed in 10 lodging-associated traits among different genotypes,climatic factors and growth stages. At different growth stages,the correlation among traits is about the same,which shows that basal internode thickness,stem solidness and stem strength have positive effects on wheat lodging resistance,while plant height,center of gravity height,basal internode length and pith diameter have negative effects on wheat lodging resistance. Principal component analysis showed that stem strength was the most critical trait affecting lodging resistance of plants. Cluster analysis based on comprehensive factor score at three growth stages showed that the comprehensive lodging resistance of 70 materials was excellent. Some newly bred wheat varieties(lines) show excellent lodging resistance,which are important breeding materials for improving strength and lodging resistance of wheat stem.