雷波西宁古茶树居群分类与排序及物种多样性研究

对雷波西宁野生古茶树群落分布区进行群落学调查,共设置了37个群落样地(20 m×20 m)进行了DCA分类与排序分析;同时,利用丰富度指数(R)、辛普森指数(D)、香农-维纳指数(H)和Alatalo均匀度指数(E)分析了不同群落类型间的物种多样性。研究结果表明:通过DCA群落分类方法将古茶树群落分为6种类型,即Ⅰ茶树+枹栎+扁刺栲群落、Ⅱ茶树+丝栗栲+曼青冈群落、Ⅲ茶树+锐齿槲栎+白栎群落、Ⅳ茶树+柳杉+红椿群落、Ⅴ茶树+亮叶桦+野核桃群落、Ⅵ茶树+桤木+檫木群落。总体以常绿与落叶阔叶混交林为主,也有少量常绿阔叶林和人工柳杉林。样方的DCA排序明确地揭示各群落类型境地分布范围;样地和物种DCA排序较好地揭示立地因子对群落类型和物种分布格局的影响。从群落相似性和稳定性角度出发,野生古茶树首要应开展就地保护,尽量避免人为干扰,同时加大人工繁育研究。

Classification and Ordination of Ancient Camellia sinensis Communities and its Species Diversity in Xining,Leibo County

Based on the ecology investigation in Xining of Leibo County,studies were made of the distribution regions of wild Camellia sinensis Communities.Classification and Ordination of 37 vegetation plots(20 m × 20 m) were investigated by DCA classification analysis.Species diversities of different spaces were analyzed by richness index(R),Simpson index(D),Shannon-wiener index(H) and Alatalo evenness index(E).The results showed that the wild C.sinensis communities were classified into 6 types by DCA,including ⅠC.sinensis + Quercus serrate + Castanopsis platyacantha communities,ⅡC.sinensis + Castanopsis fargesii + Cyclobalanopsis oxyodon communities,ⅢC.sinensis + Quercus aliena var.acuteserrata + Quercus fabri communities,ⅣC.sinensis + Cryptomeria fortune + Toona ciliate communities,ⅤC.sinensis + Betula luminifera + Juglans cathayensis communities,and ⅥC.sinensis + Alnus nepalensis + Sassafras tzumu communities.Most of them belonged to mixed evergreen and deciduous forest,some of them were evergreen broad-leaved forest or man-made Cryptomeria fortune forest.The results of DCA clearly reflected the distribution range of various community types,and DCA indicated the influences of site factors on the distribution pattern of community types and species.Based on the community similarity and stability,the chief protective measures for C.sinensis included in-situ conservation,avoiding human disturbance and strengthening the research on the artificial breeding.