Rural depopulation and recent landscape changes in a Mediterranean region: Consequences to the breeding avifauna |
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Authors: | Eric Preiss Jean-Louis Martin Max Debussche |
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Institution: | (1) Centre d’Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive, C.N.R.S., Route de Mende, B.P. 5051, F-34033 Montpellier Cedex, France |
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Abstract: | We studied the vegetational and avifaunistic changes following rural depopulation in an area covering 2,600 ha north of Montpellier
(Southern France). The study area is covered by a mosaic of Mediterranean habitats that includes cultivation, grasslands,
shrublands, and woodlands and is representative of the natural features present and of the human usage practiced so far in
this part of the Mediterranean.
We sampled the vegetation and the bird fauna in the same 193 census plots in 1978 and in 1992. At both the habitat and landscape
scales the cover of woody plants increased significantly. Open habitats tend to disappear. As a consequence the abundance
of open-habitat bird species decreased significantly whereas the abundance of forest birds increased significantly. These
changes favor a pool of forest species widespread in western Europe and reduce habitat availability for open habitat and shrubland
species. Many of the latter are Mediterranean species whose distribution in Western Europe could become reduced under current
landscape dynamics. Our observation of more woodlands and their typical birds and of less open habitats and their associated
avifauna is not consistent with the traditional worry shown by the public and the managers about the regression of forests
and woodlands in the Northern Mediterranean as a consequence of fire. |
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Keywords: | avifauna land-use changes Mediterranean rural depopulation secondary succession vegetation structure |
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