转cry1Ab/cry2Aj基因玉米双抗12-5对意大利蜜蜂成虫的影响

转cry1Ab/cry2Aj基因玉米双抗12-5是我国自主研发的抗虫耐除草剂玉米品系,目前已获批准进入生产性试验阶段。蜜蜂是具有重要生态和经济意义的昆虫,是转基因植物环境安全评价中主要的非靶标节肢动物。在转基因抗虫植物种植过程中,蜜蜂可能通过采集花粉暴露于转基因抗虫植物表达的杀虫蛋白。本实验采用室内生测的方法评价了转基因玉米双抗12-5花粉和Cry1Ab杀虫蛋白对意大利蜜蜂(Apis mellifera)的影响。结果显示,喂食转基因玉米花粉处理组的意大利蜜蜂体内能检测到Cry1Ab杀虫蛋白;与对照相比,饲喂转基因玉米花粉和8 μg·mL^-1纯化的Cry1Ab杀虫蛋白对意大利蜜蜂的存活率没有显著影响,吡虫啉处理组意大利蜜蜂存活率显著低于花粉和蔗糖处理组。以上结果表明,转基因玉米双抗12-5或Cry1Ab杀虫蛋白对意大利蜜蜂的风险较小。

Potential effect of genetically modified maize DR 12-5 on honey bee (Apis mellifera)

Maize DR 12-5 expessing a fused protein Cry1Ab/Cry2Aj is a genetically modified (GM) event that has been approved for preproduction field testing in China. The ecologically and economic important honey bee (Apis mellifera) is a primary non-target arthropod species in environmental risk assessment (ERA) of GM plants. When GM insect resistant plants are planted in field, pollinators may be exposed to the toxin proteins via ingestion of GM pollen. To assess the potential effect of the DR 12-5 to A. mellifera, a laboratory bioassay was conducted using the DR 12-5 pollen and purified Cry1Ab toxin. The results showed that consumption of the DR12-5 pollen or purified Cry1Ab toxin led to detection of low levels of Cry1Ab toxin in the midgut of A. mellifera adults. Neither the DR 12-5 pollen nor 8 μg·mL^-1 purified Cry1Ab toxin showed an adverse effect on the survival rate of A. mellifera adult. In contrast, feeding with 300 mg·L^-1 imidacloprid caused significant toxic effects. These results indicated the minimal risk for potential negative effects on A. mellifera by exposure to the GM maize DR 12-5 or Cry1Ab toxin.