膜荚黄芪氮磷钾优化施肥模式研究

采用氮，磷，钾三因素二次D-饱和最优设计，通过田间试验，建立了氮磷钾的施肥量编码值与膜荚黄芪根产量、多糖含量的效应函数。结果表明，氮、磷、钾肥对膜荚黄芪根产量的增产作用大小依次为:氮肥＞钾肥＞磷肥；氮、磷、钾肥对黄芪多糖含量的作用大小依次为:钾肥＞磷肥＞氮肥，其中钾肥为负效应，氮肥、磷肥为正效应。寻优结果表明，膜荚黄芪目标产量在6000～7000 kg/hm2之间，95%置信区间的优化施肥量为:N 66.85～102.92 kg/hm2，P2O5 64.64～94.95 kg/hm2，K2O 119.78～166.48 kg/hm2；膜荚黄芪多糖含量在13%～14%之间，95%置信区间的优化施肥量为:N 66.85～102.92 kg/hm2，P2O5 64.64～94.95 kg/hm2，K2O 119.78～166.48 kg/hm2；膜荚黄芪高产优质高效栽培优化施肥量为:N 99.52～102.92 kg/hm2，P2O5 94.20～94.95 kg/hm2，K2O 119.78～166.48 kg/hm2，N、P2O5、K2O的最佳比例为:1: 0.92～0.95:1.16～1.62。

Study on the optimization models of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium application for Astragalus membranaceus production

The effect functions of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium application code on root yield and polysaccharide content of Astragalus membranaceus were established based on field experiment using three factor D-saturation optimal design. The results showed that the order of the effect of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium on yield improvement and polysaccharide was nitrogen>potassium>phosphorus and potassium>phosphorus>nitrogen, respectively. The effect of potassium on polysaccharide was negative, but the effects of nitrogen and phosphorus were positive. When the target yield was over 6000–7000 kg/ha, and confidence interval was 95%, the optimum fertilizer application rate was 66.85–102.92 kg/ha, 64.64–94.95 kg/ha, and 119.78～166.48 kg/ha for N, P₂O₅, and K₂O, respectively. When the polysaccharide content was over 13%–14%, and confidence interval was 95%, the optimum fertilizer application rate was 66.85–102.92kg/ha, 64.64–94.95 kg/ha, and 119.78–166.48 kg/ha for N, P₂O₅, and K₂O, respectively. The optimum fertilizer application rate for high yield, efficiency and quality in Astragalus membranaceus production was 99.52–102.92 kg/ha, 94.20–94.95 kg/ha, and 119.78–166.48 kg/ha for N, P₂O₅, and K₂O, respectively. The optimum ratio of N:P₂O₅:K₂O was 1:0.92–0.95:1.16–1.62.