葡萄根癌病病原菌的筛选及鉴定

目的]为明确引起济南南部山区葡萄根癌病的病原菌种类，为病害防治提供科学依据。方法]以形态学为基础，结合生理生化及分子生物学方法对赤霞珠葡萄根癌病样品进行分离鉴定。结果]结果表明，从根部肿瘤组织中利用MW选择性培养基分离纯化了12株类似于根癌土壤杆菌的细菌。形态学和16SrDNA检测表明12株菌均为根癌土壤杆菌属。其中生化Ⅰ型5株、生化Ⅱ型4株、生化Ⅲ型3株。采用针刺涂抹法接种胡萝卜圆盘，向日葵、葡萄幼苗，确定了两株强毒性菌株JC02、JC05。两株菌均为生化Ⅲ型菌株。质粒生物学鉴定表明JC02、JC05菌株含有Ti质粒，为章鱼碱类型。结论]研究表明，为害济南南部山区赤霞珠葡萄根癌病的病原菌为葡萄土壤杆菌（Agrobacterium vitis）。

Isolation and Identification of the Pathogen Causing Crown Gall in Grape

The paper aims to confirm the pathogens of grape crown gall in southern mountain area of Jinan, and provide a scientific basis for disease control. The pathogens were isolated and identified from crown gall of ‘Cabernet Sauvignon’grape with morphological and molecular methods. The results showed that twelve isolates were purified from the grape crown galls and were characterized as Agrobacterium tumefaciens strains according to the colony morphology on the selective MW medium. On the basis of physiological and biochemical characteristics, and the sequence analysis of 16S rDNA, the twelve strains were confirm to be Agrobacterium sp. The number of strains of each biotype was: biotype Ⅰ, 5, biotype Ⅱ, 4, and biotype Ⅲ, 3, Two highly virulence strains JC02 and JC05 were determined by inoculating carrot disc, sunflower and grape seedlings. The plasmid biologic identification showed that the JC02 and JC05 strains contained Ti plasmids, which were Octopus type. The results indicate that Agrobacterium vitis is the main pathogen of rape crown gall in southern mountain area of Jinan.