张家界国家森林公园大气污染物浓度变化及其评价

为了探明旅游开发利用对张家界国家森林公园大气质量的影响,该研究利用张家界国家森林公园已有的大气质量监测数据及实测所得数据,分析了张家界国家森林公园大气污染源的种类、数量、分布,并对公园接待区(受影响区)及黄石寨山顶(对照区)的SO2,NOx,TSP浓度的日变化规律、季节变化规律及年际变化规律进行了探讨.在此基础上,通过分析接待区及黄石寨景区大气污染物超标率和分担率情况来评价旅游开发利用对张家界国家森林公园大气质量的影响,取得了较好的效果.结果表明,旅游开发利用已对张家界国家森林公园接待区的大气质量造成了严重的影响,其中尤以SO2所造成的污染最为严重.为了减轻公园的大气污染程度,保护公园环境,必须改善公园内的燃料结构,同时减少接待设施的数量.

Variations of air pollutant concentrations and their evaluation in Zhangjiajie National Forest Park, China

With the rapid development of tourist industry in China, the tourist environmental problems have become more and more serious. Among the past researches, there were little on the air pollution of an exact tourist spot. In order to explore the recreational development effects on the air quality in the Zhangjiajie National Forest Park in China's central province of Hunan, this paper used the data of air quality that had been mensurated before and surveyed practically later to analyze the types, quantity, distribution of the air pollutants in the Zhangjiajie National Forest Park, discussed the daily variation, seasonal variation and annual variation of the concentrations of SO\-2,NO\- x ,TSP in the park's reception area (affected area) and Yellowstone Village(control). After that, the recreational development effects on the air quality of the park was successfully evaluated through analyzing the degree that the pollutant concentration exceeded the standard concentration and the proportion of each pollutant both in the reception area and Yellowstone Village. The results showed that the recreational development affected the air quality of the park's recreation area seriously, and SO\-2 was the main factor of the pollution. To lower down the air pollution of the park, it is a must to improve the park's fuel structure and reduce the amount of reception facilities.