冬季马尾松树上昆虫和蜘蛛群落结构的分析

1999年12-2000上1月在皖南2个林场马尾松林中各设立2块样地，每月调查1次，查得马尾松树上12目，35科共62种昆虫和蜘蛛，益害物种数之比为1．26，益害个体数之比为0．62，天敌种数稍多于害虫，优势目是双翅目，同翅目，鞘翅目，鳞翅目，膜翅目和蜘蛛目，植食性，捕食性，寄生性昆虫和蜘蛛的物种数分别为30，8，10和20。冬季少数生物还在活动，月间的总物种数和总个体数有所波动，常年放菌治虫的载公山林场益害比移样性指数稍大于滥用农药的麻姑山林场。马尾松树树上和树皮下是昆虫 和 蜘蛛重要的越冬场所。

An analysis on the community structure of insect and spider on Massion pine during overwintering

Some sampling plots were selected in 2 forest farms of Southern Anhui Province and surveyed in December,1999 and January,2000.The result showed that the ratio of beneficial to harmful organism species number in Pinus massoniana stands was 1.26,and the ratio of beneficial to pest individual number was 0.62 among the 62 kinds of insects and spiders being found out,belonging to 35 families of 12 orders.The species number of natural enemy was slightly larger than that of pest.The dominant groups were Diptera,Homoptera,Coleoptera,Lepidoptera,Hymenoptera and Araneae.The species number of phytophagous,predatory,parasitic and spider groups was 30,8,10 and 20 respectively.The total species and individual number fluctuated a little during the two months because some organisms were acting.The ratio of beneficial to harmful organism and index of diversity of Daigongshan where Beauveria bassiana was applied against pests were larger than those of Magushan where pesticide was overused.The arthropods hid under the barks and in the branches and leaves in winter.