春季加拿大一枝黄花防除典型化学药剂的筛选及其应用效能

为明确防除春季加拿大一枝黄花的最佳除草剂及其剂量,于2018年4月19-21日在湖南省长沙县郭公渡加拿大一枝黄花集中暴发地,选用2017年7月加拿大一枝黄花防除试验中效果最佳的4种典型内吸性除草剂、1种触杀性除草剂和3种助剂开展了春季加拿大一枝黄花化学防除试验。结果表明,41%草甘膦异丙铵盐AS 1756.50 g/hm 2、25%环嗪酮SL 1718.50 g/hm 2、41%草甘膦异丙铵盐AS 769.20 g/hm 2+农用有机硅增效剂600.00 g/hm 2、25%环嗪酮SL 1407.25 g/hm 2+农用有机硅增效剂600.00 g/hm 2、25%环嗪酮SL 1407.25 g/hm 2+乙基化和甲基化植物油1800.00 g/hm 2、41%草甘膦异丙铵盐AS 2743.50 g/hm 2+48%三氯吡氧乙酸丁氧基乙酯EC 3000.96 g/hm 2和20%氯氟吡氧乙酸EC 150.00 g/hm 2+20%草铵膦AS 1049.40 g/hm 27组药剂处理对春季加拿大一枝黄花防效最佳,且用药量少。施药后30 d,试验小区内植株均出现根腐株,防效均达到100%,地上和地下鲜重防效分别达到78%、68%以上。这7组药剂组合可作为加拿大一枝黄花防除的典型药剂进行推广。与2017年夏季我们对加拿大一枝黄花化学药剂筛选结果相比,不仅提高了防效,还减少了用药量加拿大一枝黄花化学防治的最佳时期为春季。

Screening and application of typical herbicides for the control of Solidago canadensis in spring

Four typical systemic herbicides, one contact herbicide and auxiliaries with the best performance on the control of Solidago canadensis in July 2017 were used to screen the best herbicide and optimal dosage for controlling S. canadensis in Guogongdu, Changsha county from April 19 to 21 in 2018. Results indicated that 7 groups of agents, including glyphosate isopropylammonium 41% AS 1 756.50 g/hm 2, hexazinone 25% SL 1 718.50 g/hm 2, glyphosate isopropylammonium 41% AS 769.20 g/hm 2+agricultural organosilicon synergist 600.00 g/hm 2, hexazinone 25% SL 1 407.25 g/hm 2+agricultural organosilicon synergist 600.00 g/hm 2, hexazinone 25% SL 1 407.25 g/hm 2+ethylated and methylated vegetable oil 1 800.00 g/hm 2, glyphosate isopropylammonium 41% AS 2 743.50 g/hm 2+triclopyr butotyl 48% EC 3 000.96 g/hm 2 and fluroxypyr 20% EC 150.00 g/hm 2 + glufosinate ammonium 20% AS 1 049.40 g/hm 2 had the best control effect and the corresponding dosage for controlling S. canadensis was also reduced. After 30 days of application, the control efficacy on the plant was 100%, and effects on above ground and underground fresh weight reached 78% and 68%, respectively. The treated plants were completely root rot. Thus, the 7 groups of herbicides could be promoted as typical agents for control of S.canadensis . In consideration of the screening results of the chemical control of S.canadensis in different periods, it is found that the best time for chemical control is spring, which not only improves the control effect, but also reduces the dosage of chemicals.