海芋种子脱水耐性和萌发生理的研究

目的]为了研究海芋种子脱水耐性的形成机制和种子萌发生理。方法]通过常规萌发试验探讨不同温度、光照条件对海芋种子萌发的影响,通过脱水处理后萌发实验来研究不同发育时期海芋种子的性状和脱水耐性的变化。结果]海芋种子从花后45~95 d,果实颜色从绿色—黄绿色—橙黄色—红色;千粒重逐渐增大,85 d达到最大,90 d后有所下降;干重逐渐增加,85 d达到最大,85 d后无明显变化。海芋种子45 d尚无萌发,50 d萌发率为17.0%,65 d达到87.5%,随后保持在较高水平,95 d又有所下降。发芽指数和萌发率的变化同步。花后45~85 d海芋种子脱水耐性逐渐增强,85 d达到最大,95 d有所减弱。光照对于种子的萌发和生长有促进作用,25~35℃光照条件下,种子萌发较好,幼苗鲜重也较大。结论]光照和温度对种子萌发有单独影响,但又相互作用,同时光照对萌发的影响还与含水量有关。海芋种子脱水耐性在发育过程中逐渐变化,说明它是数量性状。

Study on Desiccation Tolerance and Germination Physiology of Alocosia odora (Roxb) C.Koch Seeds

Objective] The study was constructed to investigate the mechanism of desiccation tolerance and the germination physiology of Alocosia odora(Roxb)C.Koch seeds.Method] The conventional germination test was used to discuss the effects of different temperature and light conditions on the generation of A.odora seeds.The germination test after the desiccation treatment was used to study the changes of traits and desiccation tolerance of A.odora seeds in different development stages.Result] During the 45～95 d after flowering,the fruit color of A.odora seeds happened such changes as green-Kelly-orange-red,the 1 000-grain weight was gradually increased,up to the highest on the 85 d and was decreased after 90 d.The dry weight was also gradually increased,up to the highest on the 85 d and had no obvious change after 85 d.A.odora seeds didn't germinate on the 45 d,its germination percentage was 17.0% on the 50 d,reached 87.5% on the 65 d,then kept at high level and decreased on the 95 d.The germination index had same change as that of germination percentage.During the 45～85 d after flowering,the desiccation tolerance of A.odora seeds was gradually increased,highest on the 85 d,was decreased on the 95 d.Light promoted the germination and growth of seeds.Under light conditions at the temperature of 25～35?℃,the seed germination was better and the fresh weight of seedling was higher.Conclusion] The effects of light and temperature on the seeds germination were separate and mutual,and the effect of light on the seeds germination was related with the water content.The desiccation tolerance of A.odora seeds gradually changed during the development period,indicating that it was a quantitative trait.