广东石门台自然保护区森林土壤无脊椎动物群落多样性

调查、研究了地处南亚热带和中亚热带之间过渡地带的石门台自然保护区森林土壤无脊椎动物的群落多样性．共采获土壤无脊椎动物20045头，分别隶属于3门9纲25目89科(包括小蚓类、螺类和蜱螨类等）．其中，蜱螨目占捕获总量的66．0％，弹尾目(主要为等节跳科、长角跳科、棘跳科和疣跳科)占捕获总量的13．7％、为该保护区土壤无脊椎动物群落的优势类群；缨翅目(管蓟马科)和膜翅目(主要为蚁科)为该地区的常见类群，分别占捕获总量的6．8％和5．8％．利用Shannon—Wiener多样性指数和密度-类群指数比较2种不同林分的土壤动物群落多样性的结果表明，石门台自然保护区天然常绿阔叶林的土壤无脊椎动物群落多样性远高于受人类活动影响的人工林．

Diversity of soil invertebrate assemblages in the forest of Shimentai Nature Reserve, Guangdong Province

Diversity of forest soil invertebrate assemblages was investigated in Shimentai Nature Reserve where lies a transition zone between the southern subtropical zone and the middle subtropical zone in September and October 2001. A total of (20 045) soil invertebrate individuals which belong to 89 families (including microdrile oligochaetes, mesogastropoda and acarina etc.) of 25 orders in 9 classes under 3 phyla was collected. Of the collected specimens, Acarina and Collembola (mainly Isotomidae, Entomobryidae, Onychiuridae and Neanuridae), accounting for 66.0% and 13.7% of the total collected individuals, respectively, were the dominant groups of forest soil invertebrate assemblages in Shimentai Nature Reserve, Thysanoptera (Phlaeothripidae) and Hymenoptera (mainly Formicidae) are the ordinary groups in this region and constitute 6.8% and 5.8% of the total collected individuals, respectively. Shannon-Wiener diversity index and Density-Group index were used to compare the diversity of soil invertebrate assemblages in two different habitats (natural evergreen broad-leaf forest and planted forest). The results showed that the diversity of soil invertebrate assemblages in natural evergreen broad-leaf forest was much higher than that of planted forest impacted by human activity (P<0.05). Using Density-Group index to measure the diversity of soil invertebrate assemblages is more reasonable than Shannon-Wiener diversity index in this case because the Acarina individuals predominate in the samples which covers up the information of other soil invertebrate groups.