油茶油脂的生物合成及调控基因的特性

茶油在种子内主要以油体形式存在,因而油体蛋白的数量与种类决定了油体的数量与特性,在长期进化中油体蛋白基因失去了内含子,可促进油体蛋白的快速表达.茶油生物合成过程中涉及了大量酶与蛋白质的参与,其中丙二酸单酰C oA决定了饱和脂肪酸的合成速度;硬脂酰ACP脱饱和酶直接控制不饱和脂肪酸的含量;油酸脱饱和酶控制多不饱和脂肪酸的含量与种类.还需克隆相关基因的全长cDNA,并通过分子生物学技术确定这些基因的功能与调控机理.

Characteristics of Regulatory Genes of the Lipid Pathway in Camellia oleifera

Tea-oil exists in seed in the form of oil body;the kind and number of oleosins decide the amount and property of oil body.During a long-term evolution,the oleosin genes of C.oleifera have lost their introns to facilitate their quick response and expression.The biosynthesis of tea-oil is a complicated system which involves many proteins and enzymes.Malonyl coenzyme A decides the synthetic speed of saturated fatty acids in C.oleifera seed.Stearoyl-ACP desaturase(SAD) as the key enzyme for forming monounsaturated fatty acids directly controls the total content of unsaturated fatty acids in seed,and fatty acid desaturase(FAD) family controls the kind and content of polyunsaturated fatty acids of C.oleifera.It is quite necessary to clone all involved full-length cDNAs for understanding the molecular genetics of lipid biosynthesis of C.oleifera,and to confirm the functions and regulative mechanism of these genes by methods of molecular biology.