应用化学杂交剂GENESIS诱导春小麦雄性不育的研究

研究美国孟山都公司生产的化学杂交剂ＧＥＮＥＳＩＳ诱导东北春小麦雄性不育的效果及其应用技术，结果表明：⑴ＧＥＮＥＳＩＳ对东北春小麦具有良好的诱导雄性不育效果，在３ｋｇ／ｈｍ＾２剂量时，对供试的２０个基因型均能诱导９８．２％￣１００％的雄性不育率。对其中３份材料进行人工授粉，获得５７．５％￣６９．２％的人工授粉结实率，剂量达５ｋｇ／ｈｍ＾２时，最高人工授粉结实率仍达６５．５％；⑵ＧＥＮＥＳＩＳ对春小麦

Study on Male Sterility Induced by Chemical Hybridizing Agents GENESIS in Spring Wheat

Heterosis is one of the most efficient ways for improving wheat yield potential, industrial quality, disease resistance and adaptability. It is a major way to use chemical hybridizing agents to induce male sterility for producing hybrid wheat seeds. This paper reported a study on the effects and application techniques of the new chemicals hybridizing agent GENESIS used to induce male sterility in northeast spring wheat region. The results showed: (1) GENESIS has positive effects on inducing male sterility in spring wheat in northeastern region of China. The male sterile rate of 20 genotypes reached 98.2%~100% when treated by rate of 3 kg/ha. To 3 of 20 genotypes, artificial pollination was made. The seed set of cross pollination was 57.5%~69.2%, the highest seed set of cross pollination was up to 65.5% when dosage of 5 kg/ha was used. (2) GENESIS has not significant effects on the plant height, spike length, first internode length under spike and other main agronomic traits. (3) Application period of GENESIS was relative longer. It could reach 7~10 days at regular production density in northeastern spring wheat region. The proper wheat sowing density and good emergence are important for ensuring the effects of GENESIS and relatively long application period. It is very essential to improve the methods and measurements for high seed set of cross pollination for the seed production by using CHA.