三系杂交水稻谷粒性状的遗传及相关分析

1材料与方法1．1材料不育系：金23A、11-32A、优IA、珍汕97A;恢复系（品种）：桂99、广陆矮4号、桂朝2号、窄叶青8号、特青、胜优2号、比四稻、常杂3号、晚三、培C311、明恢86、明恢63、南京11号、9311、金陵57、盐籼1号、93—9、贵辐籼3号、黔籼2号、IR36、IR24、IR72、密阳46、密阳54、密阳42、水源287、水源290。

Genetic and Correlation Analysis of Grain Characters in Three-line Hybrid Rice

[Objective] This study was to understand the genetic dynamics of three-line hybrid rice, and explore the respective effect of sterile line and restoring line on grain characters of hybrid rice. [Method] Four three-line sterile lines and 27 restoring lines(cultivars) commonly cultivated in Central China region were regarded as experimental materials to conduct 4×27NCⅡ cross design, and the grain characters of three-line hybrid rice were analyzed at genetic and correlation levels. [Result] Four characters of grain length, grain width, 1 000-grain weight and length-width ratio play the leading role in additive gene effect; these four characters were simultaneously influenced by male parent and female parent, but the effect from male parent was relatively larger. The grain length, grain width, 1 000-grain weight and length-width ratio all have high broad heritabilities(respectively 99.65%, 98.31%, 95.27% and 98.81%). Correlation analysis showed that grain length was positively correlated with 1 000-grain weight and length-width ratio at extremely significant level; 1 000-grain weight was positively correlated with grain length and length-width ratio at extremely significant level, and was insignificantly correlated with grain width; grain width was negatively correlated with grain length and length-width ratio at extremely significant level. Path analysis showed that the direct path coefficients of grain length, grain width and 1 000-grain weight to length-width ratio were 0.624 6, -0.555 9 and -0.015 8, respectively. [Conclusion] This study systematically analyzed the effects of sterile line and restoring line on grain characters of hybrid rice, which provided theoretical basis for breeding high quality and yield hybrid rice.