一级优质米杂交稻新组合百优838的选育及应用

【目的】选育适应大米消费市场需求，且符合华南稻区水稻品质育种目标的丝苗米型优质杂交稻新品种。【方法】选用优质不育系百A与恢复系辐恢838进行组配。配置组合逐年参加区试、大田种植及多点试种，并进行性状观察及产质量性状鉴定。文章分析了该品种的选育过程、特征特性、栽培和制种技术要点，并讨论了该品种父本与辐恢838原始亲本的差异及可能原因。【结果】育成了弱感光杂交稻新品种百优838，该品种表现分蘖力强，矮秆抗倒，穗大粒多、后期熟色好，米质特优等特性；稻米品质主要指标：糙米率81．78％，整精米率68．5％，垩白粒率6．0％，垩白度0．6％，透明度1级，碱消值5．7，胶稠度80mm，直链淀粉含量17．6％，达到国标一级优质米标准。

Breeding and application of the first class quality hybrid rice variety Baiyou 838

Objective] Development of a new rice variety in order to meet the demand of rice consumption and to get the fine quality hybrid Simiao rice type for the rice region of South China. Method] The new rice combination was developed by crossing sterile line Bai A with the restorer line Fuhui 838, and was tested in the regional trials, field tests and multipoint trial planting. The agronomic traits and quality characteristics have been investigated. The article also described breeding progress, characteristics, cultivation and seed production techniques of Baiyou 838, the differences between Bai A and Fuhui 838 and its possible cause were also be described. Result] The new weak photosensitive hybrid rice variety was named as Baiyou 838 and registered. The newly developed dwarf variety showed strong tillering, lodging resistance, bigger panicle size with more number of grains, good grain quality and color at maturity, etc. The main indices of rice quality characteristics, such as brown rice rate, head rice rate and chalky rice rate were recorded as 81.78, 68.5 and 6.0%, respectively. Besides these characteristics, it showed 0.6% chalkiness degree, grade 1 transparency, 5.7 alkali spreading value, 80 mm of gel consistency and 17.6% amylose content. And Baiyou 838 attained the first class level of the national rice quality standard.