越南南定省交水县交善乡对海平面上升的家庭和社区应对经验和对策

【目的】通过收集社会经济学数据，评估居民和社区对海平面上升的适应能力，评估海平面上升的负面影响及其对策，确定应对海平面上升备用对策。【方法】在越南南定省交水县交善乡选择99户居民，分成3组，采用半问卷调查、面谈、家庭群组讨论、重要人物访谈以及当地居民非正式会谈等方法进行调查。【结果】海平面上升已对当地社区造成了极大的负面影响，如作物产量降低、土地流失、盐碱地面积增加、基础设施损坏等。当地社区和居民已经意识到海平面上升的负面影响，并采取了各种应对方法。改变经济结构、选择适宜的作物品种、把水产养殖地转给家庭、鼓励渔民成立渔业合作社并建立早期预警系统是应对海平面上升的主要对策。【结论】应根据潮汐节律和台风、暴风雨发生等所确定的水面上升规律，采取不同的应对策略和方法，以减少海平面上升造成的破坏和损失。

Household and commune adaptation experience and strategies for sea level rise in Giao Thien commune,Giao Thuy district,Nam Dinh province,Vietnam

Objective]The main objectives of the study were to collect socioeconomic data to help assess adaptive capacity;identify negative impacts of sea level rise(SLR)and adaptation strategies:and determine lessons learnt to prepare for SLR.Method]The present study was conducted in Giao Thien commune,Giao Thuy district,Nam Dinh province,Vietnam.Three household groups with total of 99 households were selected to conduct survey by semi questionnaire interview,face-toface interview,household group discussions,interview of the key persons,and informal interview of local residents.Resuit]The results showed that the SLR has raised and caused great impacts to local communities such as reduction in crop productivities,loss of land,increase of salined land areas,damage in infrastructure,etc.The community has been aware of the negative impacts of SLR and responded by various ways.The changing economic structure,selection of appropriate crop varieties,transferring aquaculture land to households,encouraging fish men to form fishing cooperative and establishment of early warning system are the main lessons learnt to combat SLR.Conclustion]Different adaptation strategies and methods should be taken to reduce the damages and loss caused by SLR through determining the rising regulation of water level according to the sea tide schedule and occurrence of typhoons and storms.