地肤提取物对山楂叶螨体内几种酶活性的影响

采用生化方法测定地肤三氯甲烷提取物对山楂叶螨体内谷胱甘肽-S-转移酶、羧酸酯酶、单胺氧化酶、Ca2 -ATP酶活性的影响.结果表明:地肤提取物处理山楂叶螨后,螨体内谷胱甘肽-S-转移酶、羧酸酯酶等解毒酶活性被激活,谷胱甘肽-S-转移酶、羧酸酯酶都是昆虫体内重要的代谢解毒酶系,它们参与了昆虫对内源或异源有毒物质的代谢解毒,特别是对杀虫剂的解毒,这表明地肤提取物中存在对山楂叶螨有毒的物质,从而引起了螨体的解毒作用,来维持正常的生理功能.而单胺氧化酶、Ca2 -ATP酶的活力受到一定程度的抑制.Ca2 -ATP酶的被抑制,可能会破坏细胞内外Ca2 的平衡,影响神经细胞的兴奋和传导,引起神经传递的阻断;单胺氧化酶被抑制,使螨体内神经胺积累,也会造成神经传递的阻断,从而导致螨体的死亡.以上结果表明地肤作为新型植物源农药具有良好的开发前景.

Effects of the Chloroform Extracts of Kochia scoparia to Several Enzyme Systems in Tetranychus viennensis

Several kinds of important enzyme systems in Tetranychus viennensis treated with chloroform extract of Kochia scoparia were tested. The results indicated that the extracts of K. scoparia had strongly acaricidal activities against T. viennensis. The activities of glutathione_S_transferase and carboxylesterase in T. viennensis, which are all very important enzyme systems and participate in metabolizing and detoxification for inter_origin and foreign_origin poison especially pesticide in mite, were strongly induced. This result indicated that there are some effective components against T. viennensis in extract of K. scoparia which could arouse detoxification of enzyme system. But the activities of monoamine oxidase and Ca~ 2 _ATPs were restrained. Been restrained of Ca~ 2 _ATPs could destroy the balance of Ca~ 2 which exist both in and out of the cell and influence the transmit and excitement of neurone. Been restrained of monoamine oxidase could result in accumulating of neural amic and cause the transmit block of nerve in mites. The result from the experiment also indicated that the discovery open up a good developing prospect for making full use of K. scoparia as new resources of botanical acaricide.