浙江台州地区早籼稻产量与干物质生产特征研究

对7个早籼稻品种（系）的产量及其构成因素和干物质积累量进行了相关分析。结果表明,杂交稻产量高于常规稻,平均较常规稻高10.0%。相关分析表明,产量与总颖花数和有效穗数分别呈极显著正相关和显著正相关,与每穗粒数、结实率、千粒重呈负相关,但均不显著。通径分析表明,总颖花数、结实率和千粒重对产量的直接作用均为正效应,其中,总颖花数贡献最大,结实率次之,千粒重作用最小。随生育期的推进,干物质积累量品种间差异逐渐减小,完熟期干物质积累量以陵两优106表现最高,金早47表现最低。干物质总积累量和干物质平均日积累量与总颖花数和产量分别呈极显著正相关和显著正相关,与结实率呈极显著负相关;抽穗前干物质积累量与产量相关度高于抽穗后干物质积累量。综上所述,台州地区早稻生产宜选用两系杂交早籼稻品种在生产上推广。生产中注重提高单位面积穗粒数,促进干物质积累量,更有利于早稻获得高产。

Yield and Dry Matter Production Characteristics of Early Indica Rice in Taizhou of Zhejiang

Correlation analysis was carried out between yield and yield components, as well as dry matter accumulation of 7 early-season rice varieties （lines）. The results showed that the yield of hybrid rice was 10.0% higher than conventional rice on average. The yield was significantly positively correlated with the total spikelet number and the effective panicle number, respectively, at 0.01 level and 0.05 level. However, it was negatively correlated with the number of grains per panicle, seed setting rate and 1 000-grain weight, and difference was not significant. The path analysis showed that the direct effects of total spikelet number, seed setting rate and 1 000-grain weight on yield were all positive, among which the total spikelet number contributed the most, the seed setting rate was second, and the 1 000-grain weight was the least. Analysis of dry matter productive force showed that the difference in dry matter accumulation between varieties is gradually decreasing as the growth period progresses. The dry matter accumulation of ‘Lingliangyou 106’ was the highest at full ripe stage, while ‘Jinzao 47’ was the lowest. The total dry matter yield and the average daily dry matter productivity of the whole growth period had obviously positive correlation with the total spikelet number and yield, and were significantly negatively correlated with the seed setting rate. The correlation between dry matter accumulation and yield before heading was higher than that after heading. In summary, the two-line hybrid early indica rice variety is the first choice for early rice production in Taizhou. In cultivation management, increasing the number of grains per unit area and the amount of dry matter accumulation could achieve higher yield.