机收再生稻丰产优质高效栽培技术研究进展

确保粮食安全和资源环境安全是当前中国作物生产面临的两大挑战,劳动力短缺和气候变化进一步增加了这些挑战的严峻性。构建机械化和轻简化的新型水稻集约化栽培技术,实现“高产、优质、高效、生态、安全”的生产目标是转型期水稻栽培技术创新的主要方向。再生稻模式作为一种古老的种植技术,具有省工、省力、省种、品质优和增产增效等优点。本文介绍了机收再生稻模式的优势与发展历程,总结了机收再生稻技术在品种选育、肥水管理、留桩高度等方面的研究进展,分析了机收再生稻发展面临的挑战与对策。

Research and Development of Mechanized Rice Ratooning Technology in China

Ensuring food security and resource and environmental security are currently the two major challenges facing China’s crop production. The shortage of labor and climate change have further increased the severity of these challenges. Constructing mechanized and light-simplified new rice intensive cultivation technology and achieving the production goal of “high yield, high quality, high efficiency, ecology and safety” is the main direction of rice cultivation technology innovation in the transition period. As an ancient planting technique, the ratooning rice model has the advantages of saving labor, planting, high quality, and increasing yield and efficiency. The article introduced the advantages and development history of mechanized rice rationing technology; summarized research progresses in variety selection, fertilizer and water management, and suitable stubble height for mechanical harvest of main crop; and analyzed the constraints and solutions for further scaling up of mechanized rice ratooning technology in China.