江汉平原高档优质米品种适应性筛选

缺乏高品质品种是湖北省优质稻生产的瓶颈问题。本研究征集了全国26个高档优质稻品种作为试验材料,在大田条件下,采用分期播种的方法,从产量、关键品质指标、食味、抗逆性等方面进行评价,试图选出在本地区适应性良好的高档优质稻品种。结果表明,有14个品种综合表现优异,关键品质指标达到国标1级优质稻标准、食味分85分以上;参试品种整体平均产量为519.7 kg/667 m²;部分品种抗逆性表现良好,但占总数约50%左右的品种在抗倒伏性和在高温下的品质表现较差,部分品种对主要病害的耐性较弱。由此可见,我国已培育一批在江汉平原适应性良好的高品质水稻品种,有望在采取配套技术条件下达到水稻生产的品质和产量“双优”的目的。

Adaptability Screening of High-quality Rice Varieties in Jianghan Plain

Lack of high-performance varieties is the bottleneck problem of high-quality rice production in Hubei Province. In this study, 26 high-quality rice varieties newly collected nationwide were used as experimental materials. Under field conditions, the method of staged sowing was used to evaluate the performance of each variety from the four aspects of yield, key quality indicators, taste and stress resistance to select high-quality rice varieties with good adaptability in the region. The results showed that there were 14 varieties had excellent overall performance, and the key quality indicators reached National Standard Level 1, and the taste score was above 85. The average yield of the tested varieties is 519.7 kg/667 m². Some varieties performed well in stress resistance, but the varieties that accounted for about 50% of the total showed poor lodging resistance and quality under high temperature conditions, and some varieties had weak tolerance to major diseases. It can be seen that our country has bred a number of high-quality rice varieties with good adaptability in the Jianghan Plain, and it is expected to achieve the goal of “double-excellence” of quality and yield by adopting supporting cultivation techniques.