植物膨大素的研究进展

膨大素是一种能促进细胞壁膨胀,对植物生长发育具有重要作用的广谱蛋白质。它是一个庞大的基因大家族,目前已发现的膨大素被分为α、β、γ和δ四个亚家族。膨大素的功能广泛,除了具有诱导细胞壁松弛和扩展、促进细胞生长的功能外,还在叶片生长、花发育、果实成熟、种子萌发、根系生长、块茎膨大等方面发挥重要作用。文章综述了膨大素的基因家族、蛋白结构、功能、作用机制等,并指出了存在问题和发展方向,为植物膨大素的研究和利用提供参考。

Research progress on the role and physiological functions of expansins in plants

Expansin is a kind of proteins which can promote cell wall expansion and have multi functions on the growth of plants.It is a huge family of genes.It has been discovered that expansins can be divided into α,β,γ and δ sub-family.Expansin genes,protein sequences and action mechanism have been cloned and analyzed.Expansins have many functions.Besides stimulating cell wall relaxation and expansion,promoting cell growth,expansins have important effect on the growth of leaves,flower development,fruit ripening,seed germination,root growth,tuber expansion,etc.The present paper reviews the gene family,protein structure,functions,mechanism of expansin action and its involvement in various cellular and metabolic functions.