小型组合式王草铡切打浆机优化设计与试验

针对缺少适合家庭农户使用的王草专用铡切打浆机械问题,设计了一种小型组合式王草铡切打浆机,该机通过更换部件可进行王草的铡切、打浆加工。在现有研究的基础上,分析了轻简化王草铡切和打浆工艺,设计优化了喂入装置、铡切动刀和抛送板等关键部件;利用ANSYS/LS-DYNA软件对铡切机构切割过程进行计算机仿真,通过正交试验确定影响切割功耗的主次因素依次为切刀类型、动定刀间隙、定刀高度,最优水平组合为:铡切机构选取缺口圆弧切刀、动定刀间隙2 mm、定刀高度23 mm;通过试制试验样机,并进行王草打浆优化试验,确定打浆工艺最佳结构及工作参数为:主轴转速1 400 r/min、王草破碎方式采用标准锤片与齿板破碎式、浆料排料方式采用圆孔凹板式。在试验的基础上对小型王草铡切打浆机进行改进,改进后的整机性能试验表明,王草铡切的纯工作时间生产率为545 kg/h,标准草长率为86%,打浆纯工作时间生产率为150 kg/h,浆料中长草质量分数为9.1%。

Optimization Design and Experiment on Small Cutting and Beating Machine of King Grass

In order to solve the problem of lack of special cutting and beating machinery for King grass, the integrated process of King grass cutting and beating was studied, and a small combined King grass cutting and beating machine for family farmers was designed, which met the diversified requirements of King grass processing, and improved the quality of King grass cutting and beating machine working performance. Through theoretical analysis, the structure design and parameter calculation of the key parts such as feeding device, cutter and throwing board were completed. The cutting process of cutter mechanism was simulated by ANSYS/LS-DYNA. According to the orthogonal test, the main and secondary factors affecting cutting power consumption were cutter type, clearance between moving and fixed cutter, fixed cutter height. The notched circular cutter was selected, the clearance between moving and fixed cutter was 2mm, and the height of fixed cutter was 23mm. Through the processing of the prototype and the optimization test of King grass beating, the optimal structure and working parameters of beating process were determined as the spindle speed of 1400r/min, the King grass crushing mode was standard hammer and toothed plate crushing, and the slurry discharge structure was round hole concave plate. On the basis of experimental research, the small King grass chopping and beating machine was improved. The results of the improved performance test showed that the pure working time productivity of King grass cutting was 545kg/h, and the standard grass length rate was 86%;the pure working time productivity of beating was 150kg/h, and the long grass content in pulp was 9.1%.