影响牦牛卵母细胞体外成熟的因素分析

牦牛是青藏高原地区的重要畜种,为牧民提供生产和生活资料。但是牦牛的繁殖力较低,通常为2年1胎或3年2胎,选育改良进展缓慢。卵母细胞体外成熟培养作为体外受精和胚胎发育必不可少的步骤,已被应用于牦牛科学研究和繁殖生产上。由于牦牛卵母细胞体外成熟能力远远低于体内,因此完善体外培养条件,提高牦牛卵母细胞体外培养的成熟率,对牦牛繁育技术研发和育种生产都有重要的意义。本文从卵巢保存、卵母细胞采集、卵母细胞培养、培养基添加剂等方面对卵母细胞体外成熟的影响因素进行了分析,旨在提高卵母细胞体外成熟发育质量,为牦牛体外受精技术提供技术参考。

Analysis of factors affecting in vitro maturation of yak oocytes

Yak is an important breed on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, which provides the herdsmen with materials of production and livelihood. However, the fertility of yaks is lower, which cause the slow progress of breeding and improvement. The fertility in yak is usually one in two years or two in three years. As an essential procedure in vitro fertilization and embryo development, the oocyte maturation culture in vitro has been applied in scientific research and reproductive production of yaks for years. Owing to the maturation ability of yak oocytes in vitro is far lower than that in vivo, it is of great significance for yak breeding technology research and breeding production to improve the culture conditions in vitro and improve the maturation rate of yak oocytes in vitro. In order to improve the quality of oocyte in vitro maturation and provide technical reference for yak in vitro fertilization technology, we analyzed the influencing factors of oocyte in vitro maturation included the aspects of ovary preservation, oocyte collection, oocyte culture and medium additives in this review.