河龙区间坝库参数与减沙效益关系研究

对黄河中游河龙区间晋西北片、陕北片坝库控制面积占比、坝库单位面积库容等参数与水利水土保持措施减沙效益关系进行了研究，结果表明：（1）晋西北片若没有坝库工程，仅靠水土保持坡面治理措施只能取得14％的减沙效益；每增加100km^2的坝库控制面积，即可提高2％的减沙效益；每增加400万m^2的库容，即可提高1％的减沙效益;坝库单位面积库容每提高1万m^2／km^2，减沙效益即可提高约10％。（2）陕北片减沙效益主要由坝库工程产生。减沙效益提高10％，坝库单位面积库容需要提高5万m^2／km^2。要使流域水土保持综合治理减沙效益达到20％以上，坝库单位面积库容应在6万m^2／km^2以上。（3）在黄河中游多沙粗沙区，要实现40％左右的减沙效益，坝库单位面积库容应达到167／m^2／km^2以上。

Study on Relationship Between Parameters of Dam and Reservoirand Sediment Reduction Effect in Reaches from Hekouzhen to Longmen of Yellow River

It studied the relationship between the dam and reservoir control area ratio to the total area,the dam and reservoir capacity unit area(DRCA),the critical DRCA and sediment reduction effect in the northwest of Shanxi and north of Shaanxi in the Hekouzhen-Longmen area of middle reaches of the Yellow River.The results show that:(1) In the northwest of Shanxi,without the dam and reservoir engineering,the control measure of the slopeland accounted for 14% in sediment reduction.The sediment reduction effect increases with the increase of the dam and reservoir control area,reservoir capacity and DRCA: the increase of 100 km2 in dam and reservoir control area can increase 2% in sediment reduction effect;the increase of 4 000 000 m3 in the reservoir capacity can increase 1%;and the increase of 10 000 m3/km2 in the DRCA can increase 10%.(2)In the north of Shaanxi,the sediment reduction is mainly attributed to the dam and reservoir engineering,the DRCA of 50 000 m3/km2 can increase 10% in trap efficiency;the DRCA should be more than 60 000 m3/km2 if the sediment reduction effect of the comprehensive watershed control of soil and water conservation achieves 20%.(3)In the areas with high and coarse sediment yield of middle reaches of Yellow River,if the sediment reduction effect reaches 40%,the DRCA should excess 160 000 m3/km2.