超旱生常绿灌木沙冬青的组织培养技术研究

沙冬青是濒危的第三纪孑遗植物，也是中国北方干旱半荒漠地区惟一的常绿阔叶灌木，具有很好的抗逆基因资源。为了探索在不影响沙冬青正常生长的情况下，开展其组织培养技术研究，首先将消毒的沙冬青种子在含有1/2MS固体培养基的培养皿中发芽和培育无菌苗；然后将无菌苗部分侧根附着在培养基表面，发现培养基表面生长的侧根能被诱导形成大量带有根毛的短侧根；相比传统的外植体组织培养技术，主要利用毛状侧根作为幼嫩外植体，结果在CDB1(MS 1.0 mg/L 2,4-D 0.1 mg/L 6-BA，pH 5.8)培养基上能诱导愈伤组织形成，并在CDB6（MS 0.2 mg/L IBA 0.1 mg/L KT 0.5 mg/L GA3，pH 5.8)培养基上能对愈伤组织进行继代与扩繁。与此同时，研究发现沙冬青具有腋芽生长特性，以及沙冬青幼苗在RA(1/2MS 0.5 mg/L IBA，pH 5.8)培养基可以诱导大量不定根的形成。以上研究发现将有利于在保护沙冬青有限种质资源的前提下，开展沙冬青的无性繁殖和组织培养研究，以及沙冬青种质保护与生态应用。

Xerophyte Ammopiptanthus monglicus: Callus Induction Method Research

Ammopiptanthus monglicus is an evergreen broadleaf shrub in arid and desert region of north China, and it is also an endangered relic shrub containing excellent gene resource for its adaptation in harsh environment. In this study, the seeds of A. monglicus were germinated in the petri dish containing 1/2 MS solid medium. Then these sterile seedlings were transplanted in a new culture bottle which could provide enough growth space. As some of the lateral roots were adhesion on the medium surface, that would lately induce the formation of hairy lateral root which could be used as young explant for callus induction on CDB1(MS+ 1.0 mg/L 2,4-D+ 0.1 mg/L 6-BA, pH 5.8) medium and callus propagation on CDB6 (MS+ 0.2 mg/L IBA+ 0.1 mg/L KT+ 0.5 mg/L GA3, pH 5.8) medium. Meanwhile, the callus on CDB6 medium could also induce adventitious roots. In addition, the A. monglicus showed characteristics of axillary bud growth and the seedlings of A. monglicus growing in RA (1/2MS+ 0.5 mg/L IBA, pH 5.8) medium could induce the formation of adventitious roots. In conclusion, these results provide some information on the potential of asexual reproduction of A. monglicus and its tissue culture, which could be used for protection and utilization of A. monglicus germplasm.