综合加工松针的研究

STUDY ON COMPREHENSIVE PROCESSING OF PINE NEEDLES

Samples of green parts of the crown of 30-year old Scotch pine ( Pinus sylvestrts ,with 2-needle sheath) was collected from Lisino, Leningrad, USSR, and separated into 3 groups (needles, needle-free twigs and needle-less shoots) for analysis. It is demonstrated that the biological active substances are mainly accumulated in the needles. The content of chlorophyll in needles is 2010 mg/kg (dry mass) and that of carotene is 181. 42mg/kg.or 20 and 13 times higher than those in the tender twigs, respectively. TTierefore.it is reasonable to process the needles separately. The pine needles were extracted with gasoline-water mixture and the principal product is sodium chloiophyllin. Provitamine concentrate, balsam paste (ointment) , needle wax and fodder powder were also obtained. The main process for sodium chlorophyllin preparation from chlorophyll A is: saponify the extractives containing chlorophyll and acidify the obtained chlorophyll derivatives to form gasoline-soluble chlorophyllin,which is then separated and further neutralized to form sodium chlorophyllin. There are no wasted materials and pollutions in this technology. It requires only simple equipment and can recover the investment in about 1 year. The products are widely used in perfume,cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries and provitamine concentrate is also good additive for feed.