甜瓜种质资源遗传多样性及亲缘关系研究

利用形态学分类方法、AFLP技术对甜瓜育种资源及品种进行分类及亲缘关系的研究。形态学聚类分析将31份材料分为薄皮甜瓜和厚皮甜瓜,厚皮甜瓜又可分为网纹甜瓜、早熟、晚熟厚皮甜瓜3组,选育的新品种大部分被划分在早熟组。利用AFLP技术的聚类分析表明,6对引物共扩增产生524条扩增带,多态性带的比率为76%,聚类分析将之分为5大组:包括根据生态区域划分的3组薄皮甜瓜、厚皮甜瓜、网纹甜瓜,但网纹甜瓜并不包括所有有网纹的瓜。试材的亲缘关系为:长江中下游的薄皮甜瓜与厚皮甜瓜的亲缘关系最近,其次是华南薄皮甜瓜、东北薄皮甜瓜、网纹甜瓜。说明AFLP用于检测差异性不大的甜瓜种质之间的亲缘关系非常有效,这些结果有助于确定育种资源的亲缘关系,为育种提供理论依据。

Studies on the genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationship of melon (Cucumis melon L.) germplasm

Total of 31 melon samples collected from melon breeding resources and cultivated species, were used as materials for studying their genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationship by traditional taxonomy as well as AFLP markers. Based on morphological cluster analysis these melons could be classified into Cucumis melo ssp. conomon and C. melo ssp. melo. C. melo ssp. melo could be subdivided into 3 groups, which are: C. melo L. var. reticulates Nad, early variety and late variety. The new melon cultivars were subsumed into the early variety. With 6 informative primers in AFLP analysis, there were 524 amplified bands in total, and polymorphic frequency was 0.76. The AFLP cluster analysis revealed that these 31 cultivated melons could be classified into 5 groups, including the 3 groups of C. melo ssp. conomon classified by different ecological regions, one group of C. melo ssp. melo, and finally the group of C. melo L. var. reticulates Nad . The C. melo L. var. reticulates Nad were classified into one group alone, but not including all the melons that have nets. The relationship among the 31 cultivated melons was classified into C. melo ssp. Conomon, C. melo ssp. Melo, C. melo ssp of the Lower Yangtze Region. Conomon Northest China C. melo ssp., Conomon South China C. melo L. var. reticulates Nad .AFLP has been proven effective in classifying the melon germplasm that genetic distance have little difference. These results are helpful to determine the relationship of these cultivated melons, offering theoretical foundations for breeding.