碱性矿物质对比目鱼生长性能、养分消化率和非特异性免疫的影响

文章旨在评估一种商品复合碱性矿物质对比目鱼生长性能、养分消化利用及非特异性免疫的影响。试验选择平均初始体重为(144.06±0.17)g的比目鱼900条,随机分为3组,每组5个水族箱,每个水族箱饲养60条。对照组饲喂基础日粮,处理组日粮分别在基础日粮中添加2和4mg/kg碱性矿物质,试验持续105d。结果:随着日粮碱性矿物质添加水平的升高,比目鱼的料重比表现为显著线性和二次趋势降低(P<0.05),蛋白效率和杯状细胞数量表现为显著的线性和二次曲线升高(P<0.05)。2和4mg/kg碱性矿物质组比目鱼的存活率较对照组分别提高28.95%和33.91%(P<0.05),肝脏指数分别提高21.11%和29.44%(P<0.05),肠道相对长度分别提高28.36%和27.57%(P<0.05)。2mg/kg碱性矿物质组比目鱼的干物质表观消化率分别较对照组和4mg/kg碱性矿物质组显著提高5.76%和4.68%(P<0.05),同时血清溶解酶活性较对照组和4mg/kg碱性矿物质组分别显著提高76.01%和61.39%(P<0.05)。结论:日粮添加碱性矿物质可以改善比目鱼饲料利用率和干物质消化率,对消化道组织学和非特异性免疫、抗氧化有积极影响,其中本试验条件下2mg/kg的添加水平最适宜。

Effects of alkaline minerals on growth performance,feed utilization anddigestibility of flatfish

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of a commercial complex alkaline mineral on growth performance,nutrient digestion and utilization,and nonspecific immunity of flatfish.In the experiment,900 flounders with an average initial weight of 144.06±0.17g were selected and randomly divided into 3 groups with 5 aquariums in each group and 60 feeding in each tank.The basal diet of the control group was fed,and the basal diet of the treatment group was supplemented with 2 and 4 mg/kg alkaline minerals,respectively,for 105 days.Results:With the increase of dietary alkaline mineral addition level,the feed-weight ratio of flatfish showed significant linear and quadratic trend decrease(P<0.05),while protein efficiency and goblet cell number showed significant linear and quadratic trend increase(P<0.05).Compared with the control group,the survival rate of flounder in the 2 and 4 mg/kg alkaline mineral group was increased by 28.95%and 33.91%(P<0.05),the liver index was increased by 21.11%and 29.44%(P<0.05),and the relative intestinal length was increased by 28.36%and 27.57%(P<0.05),respectively.The dry matter apparent digestibility of flounder in the 2 mg/kg alkaline minerals group was significantly increased by 5.76%and 4.68%,respectively,compared with the control group and the 4 mg/kg alkaline minerals group(P<0.05),and the activity of serum lysozyme was significantly increased by 76.01%and 61.39%,respectively,compared with the control group and the 4 mg/kg alkaline minerals group(P<0.05).Conclusion:Adding alkaline minerals to the diet can improve the feed utilization rate and dry matter digestibility of flatfish,and has positive effects on the histology,non-specific immunity and antioxidant of digestive tract,among which the 2 mg/kg added level is the most appropriate under the conditions of this study.