有棱丝瓜新品种皇冠3号的选育

【目的】为获得适合我国华南地区气候特点的有棱丝瓜新品种。【方法】以桂林八棱瓜、夏棠丝瓜多代定向选择获得的稳定自交系进行配组杂交,并对其杂交后代分离群体进行系统选育。【结果】选育出有棱丝瓜新品种皇冠3号,其植株生长势旺,第1雌花节位春植6～9节,秋植18～20节,主侧蔓均可结瓜。商品瓜长50~60cm,头尾均匀,棱沟浅,皮绿色,单瓜重350～450g,瓜身柔软,纤维少,瓜肉白色,味清甜。中熟品种,春播采收期50～60d,秋播45d左右。生产示范平均产量34509.0～38577.0kg/ha,比对照品种桂林八棱瓜增产22.3%～31.0%。耐热,较抗角斑病和霜霉病。【结论】皇冠3号丝瓜具有丰产稳产、商品性好、抗病性强、耐热等特点,适宜在广西、海南及广东等有棱丝瓜主产区推广种植。

Breeding of a new Luffa acutangula (L.) Roxb.Variety Huangguan 3

Objective]The experiment was conducted to select a new Luffa acutangula（L.） Roxb.variety which was suitable for planting in South China.Method]The combined hybridizations between stable self-bred lines of Guilin Luffa acutangula（L.） Roxb.and Xiatang luffa（obtained by directional selection of multiple generation） were conducted.The segregated populations of their hybrid progenies were bred.Result]A new Luffa acutangula（L.） Roxb.variety Huangguan 3 was bred in the present experiment.The plants of this variety were characterized by vigorous growth.Its female flowers location was found between the 6-9th and 18-20th nodes when the Huangguan 3 was planted in spring and autumn,respectively.The luffa could be both obtained from main as well as lateral vines.In economic production of luffa,its length was found to be 50-60 cm with the both uniform ends.The average single luffa weight was ranged between 350 and 450 g with green skin,soft body,less fiber,white flesh and sweet taste.The Huangguan 3 is a medium-maturing variety having duration of 50-60 days when sowed in spring and 45 days when sowed in autumn.The average yield was ranged between 34509.0 and 38577.0 kg/ha in demonstration trials which was 22.3-31.0% higher than CK variety Guilin Luffa acutangula（L.） Roxb.].It was resistant to high temperatures,and diseases such as angular leaf spot and downy mildew.Conclusion]The Luffa acutangula（L.） Roxb.variety of Huangguan 3 was found to have high and stable yield,good commercial characteristics,and strong resistance to disease and high temperature.It was suitable for planting in Guangxi,Hainan and Guangdong.