轮状病毒感染肠上皮细胞激活宿主先天免疫研究进展

轮状病毒(RV)是引起婴幼儿、幼畜禽急性肠胃炎的人畜共患病原,常与其他病原体混合感染,多以呕吐,严重水样腹泻,脱水为临床症状,感染后具有较高病死率,对人类公共卫生以及养殖业造成极大危害。RV病原相关分子模式(PAMP)可被肠上皮细胞(IECs)中一组可遗传的模式识别受体(PRR)识别,通过IECs、先天免疫细胞与RV互作,激活细胞内信号级联,从而迅速诱导炎症和多种抗病毒基因表达。论文就轮状病毒特性、肠道先天免疫等方面进行综述,探讨RV感染宿主IECs后诱导不同抗病毒信号通路,为利用先天免疫途径预防轮状病毒感染提供了一定的参考。

Progress on Activation of Host Innate Immune Response in Intestinal Epithelial Cells Infected with Rotavirus

Rotavirus(RV)is a zoonotic pathogen that causes acute gastroenteritis in infants,young livestock and poultry.It is often co-infected with other pathogens.Vomiting,severe watery diarrhea and dehydration are the most common clinical symptoms.The high mortality causes great harm to human public health and animal husbandry.Pathogen-associated molecular patterns(PAMPs)of RV can be recognized by a set of inheritable pattern recognition receptors(PRRs)in intestinal epithelial cells(IECs).Through the interaction between IECs,innate immune cells and RV,the intracellular signaling cascades are activated,which rapidly induces inflammation and expression of various antiviral genes.This article reviewed the characteristics of rotavirus,intestinal innate immunity and other aspects,and explored the induction of different antiviral signaling pathways after RV infection of host IECs,which provides theoretical basis for the prevention and treatment of rotavirus infection by innate immunity in the future.