河北省曲周盐渍化地区微咸水灌溉对土壤环境效应的影响

在田间条件下,利用微咸水和淡水对河北省曲周盐渍化地区冬小麦进行灌溉试验,对冬小麦耗水量及其构成以及土壤环境效应等方面进行了研究和分析。两年的研究结果表明在小麦生长季灌溉过多,不利于作物根系深扎,不能充分利用土壤水分,造成水资源的浪费。利用微咸水进行灌溉增加了土壤盐分,使土地质量有着潜在恶化的趋势;在小麦收获时土壤表层溶液电导率可达10 dS/m左右,如不采取适当的田间管理措施,土壤盐分将危害下一季作物生长。如合理利用,可充分发挥此地区地下浅层微咸水资源的生产潜力,可缓解该地区的水资源紧张,促进农业发展;但微咸水灌溉的长期土壤环境效应需进一步研究。

Effect of brackish water on soil environment in saline area of Quzhou of Hebei Province

Irrigation experiments with brackish and fresh water were conducted in fields of Quzhou saline area, Hebei Province, where the water consumption, its composition and the environmental effects on the soil were analyzed. The study shows that too much water supplied will result in the insufficient use of soil water which is an important part of crop water consumption. Irrigation with brackish water will increase the soil salt content, and at the end of wheat growing season, the conductivity of soil solution will be up to 10 dS/m. Appropriate measurements should be taken to avoid the negative effects which will have on crops. If the brackish water can be used sparingly, it can substitute for part of the fresh water resources.