5种杀菌剂对12种真菌生长的影响

目的]筛选出既能抑制霉菌又不影响食用菌生长的杀菌剂及其适宜的使用浓度。方法]通过食用菌菌丝和霉菌的培养及抑菌试验,研究了5种杀菌剂对12种真菌生长的影响。结果]克霉灵250倍液有效抑制青霉,对灵芝和黑木耳（29）没有抑制作用。克霉净400倍液有效抑制青霉,对灵芝没有抑制作用。多菌灵600倍液有效抑制曲霉和青霉,对杏鲍菇和黑木耳（29）没有抑制作用。菇宝对曲霉的有效浓度分别是1 500和2 500倍液,菇宝2 500倍液对白金针、香菇、黑木耳（29）、杏鲍菇、桑黄和冬虫夏草没有抑制作用。50%氯溴异氰尿酸对3种霉菌的有效浓度分别是800和1 200倍液,50%氯溴异氰尿酸1 200倍液对白灵菇、黑木耳（29）、灵芝和杏鲍菇没有抑制作用。结论]该研究为杀菌剂在菇类种植中的应用提供了依据。

Effects of 5 Fungicides on the Growth of 12 Species of Fungi

Objective]The aim was to screen out the fungicides,which could inhibit the growth of mould,but did not affect the growth ofedible fungi,and their suitable application concentration.Method]Through culture and fungi-inhibition experiments on hypha of edible fungiand mould,the effects of 5 fungicides on the growth of 12 species of fungi were studied.Result]The 250 times-diluted liquor of Miconazoleshowed effective inhibition action on Penicillium and did not show inhibition action on gyrophora and black fungus(29).The 400 times-dilu-ted liquor of Kemeijing showed effective inhibition action on Penicillium and did not show inhibition action on gyrophora.The 600 times-dilutedliquor of Carbendazol showed effective inhibition action on Aspergillus and Penicillium and did not show inhibition action on Pleurotus eryngiiand black fungus(29).The effective concn.of Gubao on Aspergillus were 1 500 and 2 500 times-diluted liquor and its 2 500 times-dilutedliquor did not show inhibition action on Flammulina velutipes,Lentinus edodes,black fungus(29),P.eryngii,Phellinus igniarius and Spha-eria sinensis.The effective concn.of 50% chlorobromoisocy anuric acid on 3 species of mould were 800 and 1 200 times-diluted liquor and its1 200 times-diluted liquor did not show inhibition action on Pleurotus nebrodensis,black fungus(29) 、gyrophora and P.eryngii.Conclu-sion]This study supplied basis for the application of fungicides in mushroom cultivation.