花生生产潜力与高产途径

据估算，中熟大花生和早熟小花生最高单产可达到17.3t/hm^2和11.9t/hm^2，实际生产中，中熟大花生和早熟小花生最高单产已达到11.2t/hm^2和9.5t/hm^2。目前全球花生平均单产不到1.0t/hm^2，我国平均约3.7t/hm^2，花生生产仍有较大的增产余地。延长作物生长期、提高植株光合效率和增加光合产物向生殖体的分配比例，是花生品种改良的有效途径。适期播种、创造良好的土壤环境、选择适宜的种植方式和密度、合理调控叶面积系数、在增加总生物产量的基础上适当提高经济系数等，是目前花生高产栽培有效的措施途径。

Yield Potential and High-yielding Channels of Peanut

The yield potential of peanut was estimated at 17.3t/hm 2 for varieties with long duration and big pod (VLDBP) and 11.9t/hm 2 for varieties with short duration and small pod (VSDSP). Yields of up to 11.2t/hm 2 for VLDBP and up to 9.5t/hm 2 for VSDSP have been reported. However, the average yield was only about 1.0t/ha in the world and 3.7t/ha in China. So there is substantial yield gap between yields realized on farmer's fields and yield potential. Yields can be increased by improving varieties, i.e. lengthening the total life of crop, enhancing the photosynthetic efficiency of plant and increasing partitioning factor, or by reforming cultural practices, i.e. sowing at the best season, creating a good soil condition, selecting suitable planting method and population, adjusting LAI in optimum level and increasing harvest index.