Activity of the photosynthetic apparatus and antioxidant enzymes in leaves of transgenic <Emphasis Type="Italic">Solanum lycopersicum</Emphasis> and <Emphasis Type="Italic">Nicotiana tabacum</Emphasis> plants,with <Emphasis Type="Italic">FeSOD1</Emphasis> gene |
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Authors: | E N Baranova E K Serenko T I Balachnina A A Kosobruhov L V Kurenina A A Gulevich A N Maisuryan |
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Institution: | 1.All-Russia Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute,Moscow,Russia;2.Institute of Fundamental Problem of Biology,Pushchino, Moscow region,Russia |
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Abstract: | Introduction of the FeSOD gene enhanced the stability of the photosynthetic apparatus of plants to the action of oxidative stress caused by UV irradiation.
The expression of Arabidopsis thaliana FeSOD gene, targeting the enzyme in chloroplasts due to a signal sequence, leaded to significant changes in ultrastructure of cell
subcompartments of tobacco and tomato leaves. The activity of superoxide dismutase in leaves of transgenic tomato plants exceeded
the value of activity of this enzyme of control plants. Transgenic tobacco plants showed increasing in SOD activity compared
with control non-transgenic tobacco. The activity of AP in the leaves of transgenic tobacco and tomato plants was similar
with that of control non-transgenic plants, but activity of one accession of transgenic tomato, which is also characterized
by high values of SOD activity, exceeded the value of control plant. Differences in ultrastructural organization of chloroplasts
in the cells of transgenic and control tobacco and tomato plants have been manifested in a strong enlargement in the size
of plastoglobuli. These distinctions were evident especially in the cells of the leaf parenchyma of transgenic tomato as well
as transgenic tobacco. Also, a quantity of starch grains in the plastids of guard cells was increased. Chloroplasts in the
cells of leaf parenchyma in transgenic plants contained less a starch grains than in wild-type plants. |
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