苹果茎尖组培苗继代保存多年后繁殖特性研究

为解决种质离体保存的适宜年限等实用性问题，需了解多年继代保存的组培苗繁殖能力有无变化。本试验对继代保存不同年限的 ‘金冠’、‘乔纳金’和‘嘎拉’、‘富士’茎尖组培苗进行继代增殖能力、不定根诱导和离体叶片不定芽再生能力的研究。结果表明：外植体接种初期4年以内，即继代次数为24或40代时，‘富士’、‘金冠’、‘乔纳金’的新梢增殖能力较低，‘嘠拉’生根率较低，‘金冠’、‘富士’、‘嘠拉’离体叶片再生率较低，随着培养时间延长，继代次数增加，以上品种的继代增殖效率、生根能力及离体叶片再生能力均稳定在较高水平。长期继代保存的苹果品种茎尖组培苗（‘富士’已保存25年，‘金冠’、‘乔纳金’19年，‘嘠拉’10年）仍保持其器官再生能力。

Organogenesis Characteristics of Apple Shoot Explants in vitro after Subcultured for Years

For figuring out the optimal life span of germplasm preserved in vitro,it is necessary to understand whether its propagating ability changes or not after subcultured for years.The shoot multiplication ability,adventitious root regeneration rate from shoots,and adventitious bud regeneration rate from leaves of ' Fuji ',' Golden Delicious ',' Jonagold ' and ' Gala ' apple in vitro shoot explants were studied.The results showed that it was lower that the shoot multiplication ability of ' Fuji ',' Golden Delici...