Elevated atmospheric CO2 effects on N fertilization in grain sorghum and soybean |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA;2. USDA Forest Service, Mississippi State, USA;3. Department of Geosciences, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, USA;1. Division of Food and Nutrition, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea;2. Basic Research & Innovation Division, R&D Center, AmorePacific Corporation, Kyeonggi-do 17074, Republic of Korea;3. Center for Research Equipment, Korea Basic Science Institute, Cheongwon-Gu, Cheongju-Si, Chungbuk 28119, Republic of Korea;1. Agronomy Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA;2. Everglades Research and Education Center, Belle Glade, FL, USA;1. ICAR-Indian Institute of Soil Science, Nabibagh, Bhopal, 462 038, India;2. Birsa Agricultural University, Kanke, Ranchi, 834 006, India;3. Physical Research Laboratory, Ahmedabad, 380 009, India;1. School of Biological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia;2. School of Plant Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA;3. U.S. Arid-Land Agricultural Research Center, USDA-ARS, Maricopa, AZ 85138, USA;4. Laboratory of Tree Ring Research, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA;1. Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, 4 Water St, Creswick, VIC 3363, Australia;2. Agriculture Victoria, Grains Innovation Park, 110 Natimuk Rd, Horsham, VIC, 3401, Australia;3. School of Ecosystem and Forest Sciences, The University of Melbourne, 4 Water St, Creswick, VIC, 3363, Australia |
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| Abstract: | Increasing atmospheric CO2 concentration has led to concerns about global changes to the environment. One area of global change that has not been fully addressed is the effect of elevated atmospheric CO2 on agriculture production inputs. Elevated CO2 concentration alterations of plant growth and C:N ratios may modify C and N cycling in soil and N fertility. This study was conducted to examine the effects of legume, soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.), and non-legume, grain sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench.) carbon dioxide-enriched agro-ecosystems on N soil fertility in a Blanton loamy sand (loamy siliceous, thermic, Grossarenic Paleudults). The study was a split-plot design replicated three times with crop species (soybean and grain sorghum) as the main plots and CO2 concentration (ambient and twice ambient) as subplots using open top field chambers. Fertilizer application was made with -depleted NH4NO3 to act as a fertilizer tracer. Elevated CO2 increased total biomass production in all 3 years of both grain sorghum (average 30%) and soybean (average 40%). With soybean, while no impact on the plant C:N ratio was observed, the total N content was greatly increased (average 29%) due to increased atmospheric N2 fixation with elevated CO2 concentration. With grain sorghum, the total N uptake was not affected, but the C:N ratio was markedly increased (average 31%) by elevated CO2. No impact of elevated CO2 level was observed for fertilizer N in grain sorghum. The results from this study indicated that while elevated CO2 may enhance crop production and change N status in plant tissue, changes to soil N fertilizer application practices may not be needed. |
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