竹塑复合材料吸水性能的研究

对楠竹/新PE、楠竹/回收PE、杂竹/回收PE 3种竹塑复合材料的吸水性能进行了研究,结果表明:(1)温度是影响竹塑复合材料吸水厚度膨胀率和吸水率的主要因素之一。(2)3种竹塑复合材料厚度方向吸水膨胀性和吸水率表现为:杂竹/回收PE材料吸水膨胀性最大,楠竹/新PE次之,楠竹/回收PE最小。(3)杂竹/回收PE在80℃时的吸水率是室温下的3.5倍;楠竹/新PE和楠竹/回收PE在80℃条件下的吸水率均是室温下的3倍。(4)楠竹/回收PE在80℃水浴中的厚度方向吸水膨胀率是55℃下的1.4倍,是室温下的2倍;楠竹/新PE80℃水浴下吸水膨胀率是55℃下的1.2倍,是室温下的1.9倍;杂竹/回收PE 80℃水浴下吸水膨胀率是55℃下的1.6倍,是室温下的2倍多。(5)光学显微镜和扫描电镜观察后发现,吸水后竹塑复合材料除了竹纤维发生膨胀之外,材料的内部结构没有发生变化,即竹塑复合材料是一种具有良好抗湿膨胀性能的新型复合材料。

A Study of Water Absorption Of Bamboo-Plastic Composites

The study showed that： 1） The temperature was one of the major factors to affect the thickness swelling rate and the water absorption rate of bamboo-plastic composite （BPC）. 2） The thickness swelling and water absorption rate of 3 kinds of BPC showed that the thickness swelling of miscellaneous bamboo/ recycled PE was the maximum, followed by that of Phyllostachys pubescens new PE, and that of Ph. pubescens/recycled PE was the minimum. 3） The water absorption rate of miscellaneous bamboo/recycled PE at 80℃ was 3.5 times higher than the room temperature, that ofPh. pubescens/new PE at 80℃ was 3 times as high as room temperature, and that ofPh. pubescens/recycled PE at 80℃ was 3 times higher than the room temperature. 4） The thickness swelling rate of Ph. pubescens/recycled PE at 80℃ water bath was 1.4 times higher than that at 55℃ and 2 times higher than the room temperature; that ofPh. pubescens/new PE at 80℃ water bath was 1.2 times higher than that as 55℃ and 1.9 times as high as the room temperature; that of miscellaneous bamboo/recycled PE at 80℃ water bath was 1.6 times as high as that as that as 55℃ and 2 times higher than the room temperature. 5） Through the light microscope and scanning electricity mirror, it was observed that the inner structure of BPC has no any change except for the bamboo fiber swelling, i.e., BPC is a kind of new compound material which has fine wet-swelling-resisting function.